ESTABLISHMENT OF AN EASEMENT AGAINST THE SERVIENT REAL ESTATE OWNER\u27S WILL IN THEORY AND PRACTICE

Pravica do zasebne lastnine je temeljna človekova pravica, ki posamezniku zagotavlja eksistenčno varnost, neodvisnost in samostojnost. Zato je temu primerno tudi varovana, ni pa popolnoma nedotakljiva. V prvem delu te diplomske naloge si bomo uvodoma ogledali sam institut lastninske pravice, varstvo le-te ter oblike njenega omejevanja. Nadaljevali bomo s samim institutom služnosti, vrstami služnosti, njihovo vsebino, nastankom in prenehanju le-teh. Glavni del pa bomo namenili posameznim načinom ustanovitve služnosti proti volji lastnika nepremičnine, ki se lahko ustanovijo na podlagi pravnomočne sodne odločbe, dokončne upravne odločbe ali s priposestvovanjem, pri čemer je možnost priposestvovanja osebne služnosti izključena. Posebno pozornost bomo namenili služnostim v javno korist, ki so posebna oblika nepravih stvarnih služnosti in so ustanovljene v korist vsakokratnega operaterja določene javne infrastrukture. Ustanovijo se na podlagi dokončne upravne odločbe, njihovo trajanje pa je lahko začasno ali trajno. Za konec si bomo ogledali tudi zakonite služnosti oziroma legalne servitute, ki po svoji naravi sicer niso prave služnosti, ampak gre navadno za sklop zakonsko določenih omejitev in obveznosti vseh lastnikov nepremičnin, ki spadajo v določeno kategorijo in jih urejajo posebni predpisi.The right of private property is one of the basic human rights and it guarantees existential security, independence and autonomy to each individual. The right of private property is rigorously protected right, however, it is not completely untouchable. In the first part of this thesis will be described the institution for property rights, its protection and forms of restrictions of property rights. Furthermore, the institution of easements, types of easement, their content, as well as their establishment and termination will be explained. The main part will be devoted to each type of easement establishment against the real estate owner’s will, which can be established on the basis of a final court judgment, or on the basis of the final administrative decision or with an usucaption, where the usucaption of personal easement is excluded. Easements in the public interest will be specifically stressed. These easements are a special form of irregular easements and are established in the benefit of the respective operator of certain public infrastructure. They are established with a final administrative decision and can be formed temporarily or permanently. At the end of the thesis, the legal servitudes will be specified. These are, in fact, not real easements by nature, however, they are usually set as assembly of statutory limitations and obligations of every property owner, who corresponds to a particular category and is governed by specific regulations