THE USE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND MOBILE PHONE APPLICATIONS BY SKY OBSERVATION

Astronomija je veda, ki je spremljala že pračloveka. Ljudje so se že od nekdaj orientirali po zvezdah. Dandanes astronomije, razen znanstvenih raziskovanj, ne uporabljamo več v tovrstne namene, ampak je ta za večino le hobi. Ljudje se ozirajo v nebo in poskušajo prepoznati objekte, ki jih lahko opazijo na nebu. Pri tem si lahko s pomočjo novih tehnologij pomagamo kar sami. Poiščemo ustrezen računalniški program ali mobilno aplikacijo, ki nam točno poimenuje svetlo piko na nočnem nebu, ki jo opazujemo. Dostikrat v nebo pogledajo tudi otroci, ki so še bolj radovedni kot odrasli. Zanima jih, zakaj se nekatere zvezde premikajo, druge pa ne, zakaj luna spreminja obliko ipd. Zanimalo nas je, ali otroci kdaj opazujejo nočno nebo in kako ga opazujejo, ali pri tem uporabljajo kakšne pripomočke, ali jim kdo pri tem pomaga ter ali poznajo računalniške programe in mobilne aplikacije za opazovanje neba. To tematiko smo z anketnim vprašalnikom raziskali med učenci petih in devetih razredov ter ugotovili, da učenci dobro poznajo računalniške programe – tako smo tudi predvidevali – manj pa poznajo mobilne aplikacije. Raziskavo smo opravili tudi med učitelji razrednega pouka. Raziskali smo, ali se ti pri obravnavi učnih snovi poslužujejo sodobnejših tehnologij, ali jih poznajo in kako medtem šola spodbuja razvoj na področju astronomije. Ugotovili smo, da je malo učiteljev, ki pri učnem procesu uporabljajo sodobno tehnologijo, vendar pa je večina učiteljev pokazala interes za obisk seminarjev, ki bi jim lahko pomagali pri uporabi tovrstnih programov in aplikacij. Zato smo izdelali nekaj praktičnih napotkov za uporabo računalniških programov in mobilnih aplikacij pri pouku. Praktični napotki se nanašajo na vsebine iz astronomije in so usklajeni z učnimi načrti.Astronomy is the science, which already accompanied the prehistoric man. People have always orientated themselves after the stars. Nowadays astronomy is no longer used for such purposes, except for the scientific research, so it is just a hobby for the most. People may look at the sky and try to identify objects that can be observed in the sky. For this we can use the new technologies to help ourselves. We search for a suitable computer program or a mobile application that gives us the exact names of the bright spot in the night sky, which we observe. Often even children, who are more curious than adults, look into the sky. They want to know why some stars are moving but others do not, why the moon changes its shape and so on. We were interested in whether children ever observe the night sky and how they do it, if this involves the use of any tools and if anyone uses the knowledge of computer programs and mobile apps to observe the sky. This issue was investigated by a questionnaire among students of the fifth and ninthclasses and we established, that students are familiar with computer programs¬¬ - as we also assumed - and less familiar with mobile applications. The research was also conducted among teachers. We investigated, whether they, when dealing with learning materials, make use of modern technologies, if they know them and how school encourages the development of the field of astronomy. We found out, that a few teachers use modern technology in the learning process, but most teachers showed interest in visiting seminars to assist them in the use of such programs and applications. Therefore, we have developed some practical tips on using computer programs and mobile applications in the classroom. Practical information relates to the content of astronomy and is consistent with the curriculum