REGIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF NORTHERN AFRICA

Egipt, Libijo, Alžirijo, Tunizijo, Maroko, Zahodno Saharo in Sudan uvrščamo v skupno regijo, Severno Afriko. Povezujejo jih skupne fizično in družbeno geografske značilnosti. Cilj magistrskega dela Regionalnogeografska analiza Severne Afrike je bil prikazati nova spoznanja o fizično- in družbenogeografskih značilnostih držav Severne Afrike s pomočjo analize različnih statističnih in strokovnih virov. Državam so skupni pomanjkanje padavin, izpostavljenost visokim temperaturam in preobremenjeni viri sladke vode. Rast števila prebivalstva povzroča povečan vpliv na okolje in okoljske probleme. Na rodovitnih obalnih območjih vsak kos zemlje izkoristijo za obdelovalno površino, ki jo širijo tudi na nerodovitna puščavska tla. Delež obdelovalnih površin se tako povečuje, s tem pa se povečuje tudi izkoriščanje vodnih virov za namakanje prsti. Dostop do vodnih virov pa je v marsikateri državi tudi vzrok za nemire in spopade. Glavni vzroki za politične spopade in Arabsko pomlad so med drugim tudi gospodarska izkoriščanja, socialni problemi in velika brezposelnost. Skupne izbrane fizično- in družbenogeografske značilnosti držav Severne Afrike smo kartografsko predstavili ter izdelali tipizacijo držav Severne Afrike glede na skupne značilnosti. Na osnovi spoznanj smo predstavili nova spoznanja in napovedali prihodnji razvoj držav Severne Afrike. V zaključnem delu smo pridobljene podatke in nova spoznanja prenesli na pedagoško raven ter s pomočjo iger in učenčevega lastnega aktivnega spoznavanja držav Severne Afrike predvideli učno uro z naslovom Geografski potep po državah Severne Afrike.Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Western Sahara and Sudan belong to a common region, i.e. Northern Africa. They are connected by shared characteristics belonging to physical and human geography. The objective of the master\u27s thesis titled Regional geographical analysis of Northern Africa is to show new findings about the physical and human geographical characteristics of North African countries through the analysis of various statistical and technical sources. Common characteristics of the countries include a lack of precipitation, exposure to high temperatures and overwhelmed freshwater resources. Population growth causes an increased impact on the environment and environmental problems. Each piece of land in fertile coastal areas is used as cultivable land, which is also expanded to include barren desert ground. Consequently, the proportion of cultivable land is increasing, and therefore the exploitation of water resources for irrigation of the soil is also on the rise. Access to water resources is also a cause for riots and conflicts in many countries. Main causes of political conflict and the Arab Spring include economic exploitations, social problems and high unemployment rate. Selected common physical and human geographical characteristics of North African countries are presented in the form of cartographic material. We also created the typification of North African countries based on their common characteristics. Based on the findings, we have presented new insights and predicted future development of North African countries. In the final section, we applied the obtained data and new findings on the pedagogical level, and we have created a potential lesson titled Geographical wander through the countries of Northern Africa with the help of games and the pupil\u27s own active learning about countries of Northern Africa