HEALTH EXPENDITURE - COMPARISON BETWEEN SLOVENIA, GERMANY AND AUSTRIA

Zdravje predstavlja stanje popolne telesne, duševne in socialne blaginje. Prvotno so zdravje označevali kot odsotnost bolezni. Po novejših spoznanjih in stališčih Svetovne zdravstvene organizacije pa je zdravje celovit in dinamičen sistem, ki je sposoben prilagajanja vsem vplivom okolja ter omogoča posamezniku in skupnosti opravljati vse biološke, socialne in poklicne funkcije in preprečevati bolezen, onemoglost in prezgodnjo smrt. Zdravstveno zavarovanje zagotavlja ustrezno zdravstveno in socialno varnost v času bolezni ali poškodb, saj pokriva stroške za tveganja v primerih, ko zbolimo, se poškodujemo ali imamo kakršnekoli druge zdravstvene potrebe. Ko pride do koriščenja pravic iz zdravstvenega zavarovanja, govorimo o izdatkih v zdravstvenem sistemu. Ti izdatki se delijo na javne izdatke v zdravstvu in zasebne izdatke v zdravstvu. V magistrskem delu so predstavljene glavne značilnosti zdravstvenih sistemov v Sloveniji, Nemčiji in Avstriji. Posebno pozornost smo namenili izdatkom v zdravstvu v izbranih državah, kar je bil tudi glavni namen magistrskega dela. V prvem poglavju smo predstavili značilnosti zgodovinskega razvoja zdravstvenega zavarovanja. V drugem poglavju smo se osredotočili na opredelitev in ureditev slovenskega zdravstvenega sistema, v tretjem poglavju smo predstavili nemški, v četrtem poglavju avstrijski zdravstveni sistem. Zadnje poglavje je primerjava izdatkov v zdravstvu v izbranih državah. Ob nastajanju magistrskega dela smo spoznali, da ni večjih razlik v delovanju zdravstvenih sistemov v izbranih državah. Velike razlike pa so v izdatkih za zdravstvo, kar je posledica razlike v številu prebivalcev v posamezni državi. Prav tako ni večjih razlik med deležem javnih in zasebnih izdatkov med izbranimi državami.Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. Originally health was denoted as the absence of disease. According to recent findings and observations of the World Health Organization, health is a comprehensive and dynamic system which is capable of adapting to all environmental influences and allows individuals and communities to perform all biological, social and occupational function and prevent disease, helplessness and premature death. Health insurance provides health and social security in times of illness or injury, it covers the cost of risk in situations where we get sick, damaged or have any other medical needs. When it comes to exploit the rights of health insurance, we are talking about the expenditure in the health system. These expenses are divided on public expenditure in health and private expenditure on health care. The thesis presents the main features of health systems in Slovenia, Germany and Austria. Special attention was paid to the health care expenditure in selected countries, which was the main purpose of the thesis. In the first chapter we present the characteristics of the historical development of health insurance. In the second chapter we focus on the definition and organization of the Slovenian health care system in the third chapter, we present the German healthcare system, the fourth chapter was devoted to the presentation of the Austrian health care system. The last chapter is a comparison of health expenditures in selected countries. While producing this thesis we realized that there are no major differences in the functioning of health systems in selected countries. However, large differences in health expenditure, which is of course a consequence of differences in the number of inhabitants in each country. There is also no significant difference between the proportion of public expenditure and private expenditure among the selected countries