Monitoring the employability of nursing students and their career orintetation

Izhodišča: V magistrskem delu sta predstavljena model spremljanja zaposljivosti diplomantov zdravstvene nege in pomen zgodnjega spremljanja kariernega razvoja študentov. V teoretičnem delu smo opredelili pojem kariera, predstavili karierne teorije in model kariernih sider ter se še posebej osredotočili na teoretično opredelitev pomena spremljanja kariere študentov. Opisali smo tudi pomen spremljanja zaposljivosti študentov zdravstvene nege in ključne kompetence, ki jih morajo dosegati diplomanti ob zaključku študija. Metodologija: Raziskovalni del magistrskega dela temelji na kvantitativni metodologiji. Raziskavo smo izvedli med študenti zadnjega letnika dodiplomskega študija zdravstvene nege na petih fakultetah za zdravstvo/zdravstvene vede/zdravstveno nego v slovenskem prostoru in med delodajalci, ki zaposlujejo diplomante zdravstvene nege za poklic diplomirana medicinska sestra/diplomirani zdravstvenik. V raziskavi smo preverjali raven dejanskega doseganja kompetenc s strani študentov zdravstvene nege in raven zahtevanih kompetenc s strani delodajalcev. Prav tako smo pri študentih preverjali karierno orientacijo s pomočjo kariernih sider in pomen zgodnjega načrtovanja kariere. Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da delodajalci v povprečju višje ocenjujejo dejanske in zahtevane kompetence kot študenti zdravstvene nege (PVd = 3,94PVŠ = 3,5). Na področju kariernega razvoja smo v raziskavi ugotovili, da imajo anketirani študenti ob zaključku zadnjega letnika študija najbolj izraženo sidro življenjskega stila in da imajo študenti zdravstvene nege moškega spola bolje izraženo sidro izziva (Z = 3,529p = 0,001). Iz rezultatov je razvidno, da anketirani študenti zdravstvene nege ob skorajšnjem zaključku študija še ne razmišljajo o možnostih kariernega razvoja in tudi ne o pomembnih zaposlitvenih dejavnikih, ki lahko predstavljajo nekatere prednosti pri vstopu na trg dela. Diskusija in zaključek: Predlagali smo kontinuirano spremljanje potreb po zdravstveni negi in oskrbi prebivalstva ter potreb na trgu dela v smislu stalne komunikacije z delodajalci, ki lahko najbolje podajo potrebe po določenih specialnih znanjih, bodisi na področju posameznih splošnih, socialnih ali specialnih kompetenc bodisi na področju naprednih znanj v okviru vseživljenjskega izobraževanja. Prav tako smo predlagali uvedbo stalnega in kontinuiranega spremljanja doseganja splošnih in predmetno specifičnih kompetenc s strani študentov na eni strani ter periodično preverjanje zahtevanih kompetenc znanj in veščin s strani delodajalcev na drugi strani. V magistrskem delu smo predstavili tudi shemo vplivnih dejavnikov zgodnjega kariernega razvoja študentov zdravstvene nege in algoritem spremljanja zaposljivosti diplomantov.Background: In master thesis, we presented a model for monitoring the employability of nursing graduates and described the importance of monitoring the students’ early career development. In the theoretical part we defined the concept of career theory and a model of career anchors with emphasis on the theoretical determination of the importance of monitoring students\u27 careers. We also described the importance of monitoring the employability of nursing students and key competencies they need to achieve upon graduation. Methodology: The research part of the master\u27s thesis is based on a quantitative methodology. We carried out a survey among the undergraduate final year nursing students at five faculties of Health/Health Sciences/Nursing and among employers who employ nursing graduates. We examined the level of competency achievement by nursing students and the level of competencies required by employers. We also examined the students\u27 career orientation based on career anchors and described the importance of an early career planning. Results: The study showed that employers estimated actual and required competencies higher as the nursing students (Me=3.94Ms=3.5). Results showed that at the end of the last study year, students most expressed career anchor was, "lifestyle" and that male nursing students expressed more dominant career anchor "challenge" (Z = -3.529p = 0.001). The results also showed that final year nursing students are not thinking about the possibilities of career development and about the important job factors, which may be very important when entering the labor market. Discussion and Conclusion: We suggest continuous monitoring of nursing care and the population care needs. It is very important to monitor the requirements of the labor market in terms of ongoing communication with employers who can best estimate special knowledge needs, either individual general, social, special competencies or advanced knowledge in the context of lifelong learning. We also suggest the introduction of a permanent and continuous general and specific competencies achievement monitoring by students and periodic assessment of the required competencies of knowledge and skills by employers. In master thesis, we present a scheme of factors that influence early nursing students’ career development and algorithm of graduates employability monitoring