RIGHT TO CITIZENSHIP

Pravica do državljanstva je zagotovljena že v Univerzalni deklaraciji OZN o človekovih pravicah, ki je posledica izkušenj druge svetovne vojne in predstavlja poleg Ženevskih konvencij prvi temelj mednarodnopravnega varstva človekovih pravic. Pravno sicer ni zavezujoč dokument, predstavlja pa podlago na osnovi katere so bile kasneje sprejete številne mednarodne konvencije, ki obsegajo pravice, določene v Splošni deklaraciji človekovih pravic. Mednarodne konvencije, sprejete na področju varstva človekovih pravic, ter v zvezi s tem s pravica do državljanstva, kot ena izmed človekovih pravic, so pravno zavezujoče le za države pogodbenice teh konvencij. Kljub mednarodnopravni ureditvi pa sodi odločitev o tem komu bodo države podelile svoje državljanstvo, ter pod kakšnimi pogoji, kot tudi prenehanje državljanstva v izključno pristojnost vsake posamezne države, v katero se druge države in tudi mednarodno pravo ne morejo vtikati. Ker je to suverena pravica vsake posamezne države mednarodno pravo ne nudi posebnega pravnega sredstva v primeru, da države to pravico ne izvajajo dosledno, pač pa sledi le mednarodna odgovornost in iz tega izhajajoče sankcije. Države se prostovoljno odločijo ali bodo postale pogodbenice določene konvencije ali ne. Ko pristopijo h konvenciji morajo v skladu z obveznostmi, ki jih sprejmejo z mednarodno pogodbo, urediti tudi svojo nacionalno zakonodajo. Tako morajo tudi na področju pravice do državljanstva, ki je sicer suverena pravica posamezne države, države spoštovati mednarodne konvencije in njihova ureditev v nacionalni zakonodaji posameznikom ne sme nuditi manjši obseg pravic, kot jim je zagotovljen v skladu z mednarodnimi konvencijami.The Right to Citizenship is already assured in the Universal declaration of Human Rights adopted by the UN. The declaration is a result of the experiences gained during World War II. Together with the Geneva convention they constitute the cornerstone of international law in the Protection Human Rights. The Declaration itself is not a legally binding document, but it represents a groundwork, on which basis many conventions, which encompass the allowances declared in the Universal declaration of Human Rights, were adopted. The International conventions, adopted on the field of Protecting Human Rights, which includes the Right to Citizenship, are legally binding only to contracting countries. Despite the international regulation, the countries maintain their right to give or deprive the Citizenship and also under which circumstances it is to be given. No other country nor any Council of the international law have the right to interfere. Because it is a governments suverein right, the international law does not offer any particular effective remedy in case of not fulfiling the Right, there mainly follows a international responsibility followed by sanctions in the prescribed manner. It is a States free choice of becoming a contracting party of a certain convention or not. When they approach to the convention they have to imply the contract into their national law, including all the liabilities accepted along with the international contract . Although it is a States sovereign right, they have to abide by the international conventions and their general arrangements in the international law in such measure, that they don\u27t provide an insufficient extent of their Rights as ensured in the international conventions