ATTITUDE OF NURSES TOWARDS PATIENTS WITH HIV INFECTION AND STIGMATIZATION OF PATIENTS

V magistrskem delu smo predstavili medicinski vidik okužbe z virusom HIV, etične dileme v zdravstvu, povezane z virusom HIV in aidsom, ter opredelili pojem stigmatizacije. Namen magistrskega dela je ugotoviti, kakšen je odnos medicinskih sester do HIV pozitivnih pacientov ter kakšna je pomembnost vloge in nalog medicinske sestre pri ozaveščanju in svetovanju zdravim in bolnim o tveganjih, povezanih z načini prenosa in širjenja virusa HIV. Prav tako želimo ugotoviti, ali je izvajanje zdravstvene nege v praksi v skladu s Kodeksom etike medicinskih sester in zdravstvenih tehnikov Slovenije. Metodologija raziskovanja: Raziskava je temeljila na kvantitativni metodologiji z uporabo delno strukturiranega vprašalnika. V raziskavo smo vključili 34 medicinskih sester iz kliničnega okolja. Podatke smo zbrali s pomočjo delno strukturiranega vprašalnika. Rezultate anket smo obdelali s pomočjo računalniških programov Microsoft Office Excel 2010 in PASW Statistics 18. Rezultati raziskave: Iz raziskave je razvidno, da imajo medicinske sestre/zdravstveniki vsa potrebna znanja o tem, kako virus HIV kot nalezljivo bolezen preprečiti in kako ravnati ob incidentu. Kar 100 % anketiranih se zaveda, da vsakodnevni stiki, kot je npr. rokovanje s pacientom, ki je okužen z virusom HIV, ne predstavljajo možnosti za okužbo. 94 % anketiranih nikoli ne ignorira prošnje pacienta, okuženega z virusom HIV, prav tako HIV pozitivnim pacientom nikoli ne namenjajo manj pozornosti kot ostalim. Beležimo 32 % anketiranih, ki se pacientov z virusom HIV izogibajo, in le en anketiranec (3 %) bi odrekel nego pacientu z virusom HIV, če bi le imel to izbiro. Sklep: Vsak človek je osebnost zase in vsem so z rojstvom dane oziroma prirojene določene pravice, družba in država pa morata te pravice spoštovati in uresničevati. Pomembno je tudi, da te temeljne pravice lahko upoštevamo in uresničujemo ter spoštujemo človeka z vsem dostojanstvom do konca njegovega življenja le pod pogojem, da smo z njimi seznanjeni.In this thesis we present the medical aspects of HIV infection, ethical dilemmas in health care related to HIV and AIDS, and definition of the concept of stigma. The purpose of the master thesis is to determine the attitude of nurses to HIV positive patients and what is the importance of the role and tasks of nurses in raising awareness and advising healthy and sick of the risks associated with the modes of transmission and spread of HIV. We also want to determine whether the implemeentation of nursing practice is in accordance with the Code of ethics of nurses and medical technicians of Slovenia. Methodology: The study was based on a quantitative methodology using semi-structured questionnaire. The study included 34 nurses from the clinical environment. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire. The survey results were analyzed using computer programs Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and PASW Statistics 18th. Results of the research: The study shows that nurses have all the necessary knowledge on preventing HIV as a contagious disease and how to deal with the incidents. 100% of respondents are aware that everyday contacts such as handling with patients who are infected with HIV do not pose the possibility of infection. 94% of respondents never ignore a request of a patient infected with HIV as well as HIV-positive patients never pay less attention than others. 32% of respondents recorded that patients with HIV should be avoided, and only one respondent (3%) would deny care to a patient with HIV, if only there was a possibility of choices. Conclusion: Every person has it’s own personality, and all are made with the birth or congenital certain rights that should should be respected and enforced by society and the state. It is also important that this fundamental rights can be respected and realized for the rest of the individual\u27s life conditionally being aware of them