Acute myocardial infarction in the elderly

Akutni srčni infarkt je stanje, pri katerem pride do odmrtja srčne mišice zaradi pomanjkanja dotoka kisika ob zapori koronarne žile. Je ena od treh oblik akutnega koronarnega sindroma. Je najpogostejši vzrok smrti v razvitih državah. Med najpogostejše dejavnike tveganja spadajo povišan krvni tlak, povišane maščobe v krvi, nepravilna prehrana, telesna neaktivnost, stres, kajenje, tudi starost. Namen diplomskega dela je predstavili akutni srčni infarkt pri starostnikih, dejavnike tveganja in njihov pomen pri nastanku akutnega srčnega infarkta. Predstavili smo tudi rehabilitacijo in zdravstveno vzgojo po prebolelem akutnem srčnem infarktu, ki sta zraven zdravljenja z zdravili pomemben del procesa okrevanja. V teoretičnem delu diplomskega dela smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela,v empiričnem delu smo izvedli študije primera z metodo intervjuja. V empiričnem delu so predstavljeni rezultati raziskave, v katero je bilo vključenih deset starejših bolnikov po prebolelem akutnem srčnem infarktu. Raziskali smo najpomembnejše dejavnike tveganja, ki so jih bolniki imeli pred akutnim srčnim infarktom in ugotavljali koliko se bolniki po prebolelem akutnem srčnem infarktu držijo navodil zdravega življenja.. Kot najpogostejši možni prisotni dejavniki tveganja za akutni srčni infarkt so se izkazali nezdrava prehrana, pomanjkanje telesne aktivnosti, stres in nezadostno gibanje. Vključeni v raziskavo so se po akutnem srčnem infarktu začeli zavedati pomena zdrave prehrane, aktivnega gibanja, ter prenehanja kajenja.The acute cardiac infarct is a condition which occurs after the heart muscle dies due to lack of oxygen supply at the coronary artery blockage. It is one of the three forms of acute coronary syndrome. Moreover, it is the most common cause of death in developed countries. Some of the most common risk factors are high blood pressure, elevated blood fats, unhealthy nutrition, physical inactivity, stress, smoking and also, the age. The purpose of the graduation thesis is to present the acute cardiac infarct in the elderly society, the risk factors and their significance, resulting with the acute cardiac infarct. We also presented rehabilitation and health care education after recovering from the acute cardiac infarct which, next to the standard medication treatment, represent an important role of the recovery process. We applied the descriptive method in the theoretical part of the graduation thesis and a case study with the interview method in the empirical part. The empirical part presents the results of the research based on ten elderly patients, recovering from the acute cardiac infarct. We researched the patients\u27 most significant risk factors, prior to the acute cardiac infarct, and determined the patients\u27 lifestyle quality based on the given instructions after the acute cardiac infarct. The research proved that the most common possible risk factors for the acute cardiac infarct are unhealthy nutrition, lack of physical activity, stress and insufficent exercise. Following the acute cardiac infarct, the participants involved in the research began to realize the importance of healthy nutrition, physical activity and the negative effects of smoking