INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ASPECTS OF MANAGING THE PROBLEM OF AIR POLLUTION, ATMOSPHERE AND SPACE

Diplomsko delo govori o mednarodnopravnem varstvu onesnaževanja okolja s poudarkom na onesnaževanju zraka. Razdeljeno je na uvod in štiri poglavja. V uvodu se seznanimo z osnovnimi pojmi onesnaževanja okolja, emisijami kot primarnimi onesnaževalci okolja in posledicami emisij kot sekundarnimi onesnaževalci okolja. V prvem poglavju opredelimo bistvene mednarodne instrumente varstva okolja, ki so relevantni za preprečevanje onesnaževanja okolja kot so Ženevska konvencija o daljnosežnem čezmejnem onesnaževanju zraka iz leta 1979, kot prva večstranska pogodba o ravnanju z onesnaževali zraka. Nadalje Dunajska konvencija o zaščiti ozonske plasti in Montrealski protokol o substancah, ki škodljivo delujejo na ozonski plašč, ki je nastala na podlagi znanstvenih dognanj znanstvenikov, ki sta odkrila kako CFC v povezavi s sončnimi žarki negativno vpliva na ozonski plašč. Okvirna konvencijo ZN o spremembi podnebja v povezavi s Kjotskim protokolom ureja zmanjšanje emisij TGP in Aarhuško konvencijo, ki je pomembna predvsem z vidika dostopa do informacij in pravice udeležbe javnosti pri odločanju o okoljskih zadevah. Na koncu omenimo še bilateralni Sporazum o kakovosti zraka med Kanado in ZDA, s katerim sta državi želeli omejiti onesnaževanje zraka prek meja ter omiliti posledice le tega. V drugem poglavju obdelamo pravne norme varstva okolja EU s poudarkom na direktivah, katere je Republika Slovenija tudi implementirala v svojo zakonodajo. Tretje poglavje govori o varstvu okolja v Republiki Sloveniji. Osredotočimo se predvsem na Ustavo in Zakon o varstvu okolja in na koncu obravnavamo še dva primera okoljevarstvene problematike. Četrto poglavje so sklepne misli o celotni problematiki onesnaževanja okolja.The thesis is about the protection of international law of environmental pollution with an emphasis on air pollution. It is divided into an introduction and four chapters. In the introduction we are getting acquainted with the basic concepts of pollution emissions as primary environmental polluters and the effects of emissions as secondary environmental contaminants. In the first chapter we define main international instruments of environmental protection which are relevant for the prevention of environmental pollution such as the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution from the year 1979, as the first multilateral treaty on the management of air pollutants. Furthermore, the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, which was created on the basis of scientific knowledge of two scientists, who have discovered how a CFC the sun reaction has a negative impact on the ozone layer. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, in conjunction with the Kyoto Protocol regulates GHG emission reduction and the Aarhus Convention, which is particularly important in terms of access to information and the right of public participation in environmental decision-making. At the end we mentioned the bilateral Air Quality Agreement between Canada and the United States, two countries trying to limit air pollution across borders and mitigate the effects of it. The second chapter is treated by legal norms of environmental protection with emphasis on the EU directives, which Slovenia has also implemented in their law. The third chapter talks about environmental protection in the Republic of Slovenia. We focus primarily on the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia and the Environmental Protection Act and in the end we still considered two cases of environmental issues. The fourth chapter is talking about the final thoughts on the whole issue of environmental pollution