THE IMPACT OF PAINTING TECHNIQUES ON THE CONCENTRATION OF CHILDREN IN ART ACTIVITIES DURING THE PRESCHOOL PERIOD

Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti, kako likovna tehnika vpliva na koncentracijo otrok, starih od pet do šest let, in raziskati zanimanje ter koncentracijo otrok v predšolskem obdobju pri likovnih tehnikah. Diplomsko delo Vpliv likovne tehnike na koncentracijo otrok pri likovnih dejavnostih v predšolskem obdobju je sestavljeno iz teoretičnega in praktičnega dela. V teoretičnem delu smo predstavili razvojnopsihološke značilnosti otrok od petega do šestega leta starosti. Predstavili smo različne značilnosti likovnega izražanja starejših otrok v predšolskem obdobju. Izpostavili smo stopnje razvoja likovnega izražanja in likovno izražanje otrok od petega do sedmega leta starosti. V nadaljevanju smo predstavili likovna področja risanja, slikanja in lepljenja ter likovne tehnike, ki smo jih uporabili v empiričnem delu. Na kratko smo predstavili še likovno vrednotenje, in sicer kriterije izbire avtorjev in njihovih del ter izbiro primernih likovnih del. Ob koncu teoretičnega dela smo predstavili oz.oz.oz. analizirali umetniška dela, ki smo jih izbrali, da jih v empiričnem delu predstavimo otrokom v vrtcu. V empiričnem delu je predstavljena raziskava o tem, kakšen je vpliv likovne tehnike na koncentracijo otrok pri likovnih dejavnostih v predšolskem obdobju. Podatke smo zbirali na podlagi neeksperimentalne metode pedagoškega raziskovanja. Izdelke, ki smo jih dobili preko testnih likovnih dejavnosti, smo analizirali in prikazali v tabeli s spremenljivkami. Raziskovalni vzorec je zajemal skupino otrok, starih od pet do šest let. Pripravili smo štiri dejavnosti in s tem pridobili enainosemdeset izdelkov. Raziskava je pokazala, da so dosegli otroci najdaljši čas koncentracije pri tehniki lepljenja z barvnim (kolaž) papirjem, najkrajšega pa pri tehniki risanja s svinčnikom. Glede na spol ni bilo večjih odstopanj v koncentraciji, le pri tehniki slikanja z voščenkami so imeli dečki daljšo koncentracijo, vendar lahko sklepamo, da na rezultate vpliva tudi manjše število deklic v skupini. Čas koncentracije z vsakim srečanjem ni naraščal. Pri analizi časov je prišlo do odstopanja le pri drugem srečanju, in sicer pri likovni tehniki slikanja z voščenkami ter slikanju s tempera barvami.The purpose of the thesis is to determine how a choice of an art technique influences the concentration of children aged five to six years, and also to explore the concentration and interest of children in art techniques during the pre-school period. My diploma work titled The impact of art techniques on the concentration of children in art activities in the preschool period consists of two parts: theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part we presented the development of psychological characteristics of children from five to six years of age, and we have also presented various characteristics of artistic expressions of older children in the pre-school period. We have highlighted the levels of development of artistic expression in particular with children from five to seven years of age. Further on we presented the various fields of drawing, painting and gluing and painting techniques, which were used in the empirical part. We have also presented the artistic evaluation criteria, namely the choice of authors and their works, and the selection of appropriate works of art. At the end of the theoretical part we presented and analysed works of art, which had been chosen to be shown in the empirical part to children in kindergarten. In the empirical part we presented research on how the choice of an art technique affects the concentration of children in art activities in the preschool period. The data was gathered on the basis of non-experimental methods of educational research. Products, obtained by testing visual art activities, were analysed and presented in a table with variables. The research sample consisted of a group of children aged five to six. We prepared four activities and eighty-one items of art were acquired. Research has shown that children had the longest concentration when gluing the colour (collage) paper and the shortest in the technique of drawing with a pencil. There was no significant difference in concentration according to the gender of participants, the only difference being in the technique of painting with crayons where the boys had a longer concentration, which could also be due to the fact that there were fewer girls in the group. The period of concentration did not increase with further meetings. There is only a deviation in the analysis of time in the second meeting, namely when art technique of painting with crayons and painting with tempera paints were used