Polycystic ovary syndrome in reproductive age

Izhodišča. Sindrom policističnih jajčnikov (PCOS), se pri ženski populaciji pojavlja v vedno večjem obsegu, ter s svojimi simptomi povzroča težave tako na psihičnem, kot fizičnem področju. Prizadane lahko ženske vseh starosti, vedno pogosteje se pojavlja že pri mladostnicah. Zaradi same specifike simptomov, mnogokrat ženske obiskujejo druge specialiste, ter poskušajo odkriti vzrok zanje, vendar nazadnje šele obisk ginekologa razjasni izvor težav. Namen. Podrobneje predstaviti sindrom policističnih jajčnikov in na osnovi analize literature ugotoviti negovalne probleme, ki se lahko pojavijo pri teh pacientkah, ter predstaviti preventivno vlogo medicinske sestre. Metodologija raziskovanja. Diplomsko delo je izdelano na osnovi deskriptivne (opisne) metode dela, in kvalitativne metodologije, kjer smo pridobljene podatke analizirali, kodirali, sintetizirali, ter jih predstavili v strukturirani obliki. Diskusija. Z zdravstveno vzgojo pacientke, ki ima PCOS, se začne že pri mladostnici ob obisku pri ginekologu. Potrebno ji je nuditi vsa spoznanja o bolezni, ji pomagati pri premagovanju težav, ter jo pripraviti na aktivno sodelovanje pri zdravljenju. S tem ji pripomoremo, da bo lahko na tem področju že veliko naredila sama s primernim načinom življenja. Učinkovitost njenega sodelovanja je odvisna od ciljev, ki jih želi z zdravljenjem doseči, razširjenosti simptomatike, ter odpravi vidnih znakov bolezni, ki jo morda motijo z estetskega vidika in poučenosti o raznih preiskavah ter morebitnih posegih, ki bi jih potrebovala. Sklep. Medicinska sestra se mora zavedati, da lahko z zdravstveno vzgojnim delovanjem veliko pripomore k poučenosti, ter kvalitetnemu življenju pacientke. Obenem je lahko v veliko oporo njej, ter njenemu partnerju v primeru težav, še posebej z neplodnostjo. Pacientka se mora zavedati, da kljub bolezni lahko ostane njeno življenje zelo kakovostno, če bo pri zdravljenju aktivno sodelovala.The starting point. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) progressively occurs in female population and the symptoms of the latter have been causing problems in both physical and psychological area. It can affect women of all ages and is increasingly observed already in female adolescents. Due to the very specifics of the symptoms, women often visit other specialists and try to discover the causes, but at last a visit to the gynaecologist clarifies the source of the problems. Purpose. To explain the polycystic ovary syndrome in detail and based on the analysis of the literature identify nursing problems that may occur in female patients, and present the nurse’s preventive role. Research methodology. The thesis is performed based on the descriptive method and qualitative methodology in terms of analysing, encoding, and synthesizing the acquired data that was later presented in a structured format. Discussion. Health education of a female patient with PCOS begins in adolescence at her first visit to a gynaecologist. It is necessary to provide her with all the knowledge about the disease, to help her overcome the difficulties, and prepare her for active participation in the treatment. In this way, we can enable her to do a lot by herself by choosing the appropriate lifestyle. The efficiency of her participation depends on the objectives that are to be achieved with the treatment, the prevalence of the symptomatology and the elimination of any visible signs of disease, which may be critical from the aesthetic point of view, and acquaintance with various examinations and possible operations that would be required. Conclusion. Nurses should be aware of the fact that the medical education can greatly contribute to the acquaintance with the above-mentioned and improve life quality of the patient. At the same time, nurses can provide significant support to the female patients and their partner in case of any problems, particularly in relation to infertility. Female patients should be aware that despite the disease, the quality of their life can remain on a high level, provided that they actively participate in the treatment