Rotavirus infections in children and their prevention

Rotavirusi so zelo kužni in se zelo hitro prenašajo. Vsako leto akutna diareja, kot posledica rotavirusne okužbe, povzroči mnogo smrti med otroki in je vzrok mnogih hospitalizacij otrok po vsem svetu. Naš namen je bil predstaviti problematiko rotavirusnih okužb pri otrocih, zdravljenje in pomen preprečevanja le-teh ter vlogo medicinske sestre na tem področju. Raziskava je temeljila na kvantitativni metodologiji. Podatke smo pridobili s pomočjo delno strukturiranima anketnima vprašalnikoma. Oba sta vsebovala vprašanja kombiniranega tipa in sta bila namenjena medicinskim sestram zaposlenim na pediatričnem oddelku in zaposlenim v otroških posvetovalnicah. V raziskavo vključeni zdravstveni delavci se pogosto srečujejo z otroki, ki zbolijo za rotavirusnimi okužbami ter njihovimi starši. Iz rezultatov raziskave je razvidno, da je strokovno znanje medicinske sestre o rotavirusu, zdravljenju in preprečevanju, odvisno od zaposlitve medicinske sestre. Tako je recimo znanje medicinske sestre o cepljenju proti rotavirusnim okužbam, boljše na primarnem nivoju, torej tam, kjer se cepljenje izvaja. Zdravstveno-vzgojna vloga medicinskih sester je v otroških posvetovalnicah in na pediatričnih oddelkih izredno pomembna. Osredotočili smo se na vlogo medicinske sestre tako pri zdravljenju, kot tudi pri preprečevanju bolezni. Poleg kritičnega opazovanja in prepoznavanja simptomov rotavirusnih okužb ter odstopanj od zdravja otroka ter njegovih odzivov na bolezen, je vloga tudi edukacijska, predvsem pri svetovanju staršem o učinkovitem preprečevanju bolezni. Razvoj medicine in s tem posledično tudi zdravstvene nege pa od zdravstvenih delavcev zahteva redno spremljanje in sledenje novitetam ter vključevanje le-teh v proces dela.Rotaviruses are viruses which are very infectious and rapidly transmitted. Each year acute diarrhea causes a lot of deaths among children as a result of rotavirus infection, and it is the cause of many hospital admissions of children around the world. The aim of this thesis is to present the problem of rotavirus infection in children, its treatment, the importance of preventing the spread of the disease, while focusing on the nursing role. The study was based on a quantitative methodology. Data was collected through semi-structured questionnaires. Both contained combined type questions and were intended for nurses employed at the pediatric department and staff in children\u27s counseling. In the research included health care professionals are often confronted with children who suffer from rotavirus infections and their parents. Research results show that the expertise of nurses dealing with rotavirus infections, treatment and prevention depends on the employment of a nurse. For example, nurses that work on the primary level, where vaccination is practiced, are a lot better educated about vaccination against rotavirus infection. The role of a nurse in health education in child counseling services and in pediatric wards is very important. The thesis is focused on the role of a nurse in the treatment, as well as in preventing the disease. In addition to critical observation and recognition of symptoms of the rotavirus infection, while considering deviations from the child\u27s health and its response to the disease, the role of the nurse is educational as well, especially when advising parents on effective disease prevention. The development of medicine and consequently health care, requires regular monitoring of novelties from health care professionals and applying them in the working process