Odvzem protipravne premoženjske koristi : diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študija Varnost in policijsko delo

Celoten svet, tudi Slovenija, se vsakodnevno srečuje s kriminaliteto, ne le s klasično oz. ulično kriminaliteto, temveč tudi z organizirano in gospodarsko kriminaliteto, ki povzročata bistveno večjo škodo, prav tako ju je težje odkriti, saj sta bolje organizirani in prikriti kot klasična kriminaliteta. Osebe s kaznivimi dejanji pridobivajo protipravno premoženjsko korist in si s tovrstnim premoženjem večajo svojo moč in položaj v družbi. Sredstva, ki jih pridobijo z izvrševanjem kaznivih dejanj vlagajo v druga kazniva dejanja in tako širijo svoj krog delovanja. V diplomski nalogi želimo predstaviti institut odvzema protipravne premoženjske koristi in varstvo oškodovanca v primeru, da mu je s kaznivim dejanjem povzročena škoda, saj lahko v kazenskem postopku vloži premoženjskopravni zahtevek. Najprej bomo splošno opredelili odvzem protipravne premoženjske koristi, nato način odvzema in opredelitev oseb, proti katerim je mogoče izvesti odvzem. To so storilci kaznivih dejanj ali drugi neposredni prejemniki te protipravne koristi, druge fizične ter pravne osebe. Zakonodaja Republike SlovenijeKazenski zakonik 1 in Zakon o kazenskem postopku nam omogočata tematiko odvzema protipravne premoženjske koristi obravnavati z materialnega in procesnopravnega vidika. V postopkovni vidik je vključeno tudi začasno zavarovanje zahtevka za odvzem premoženja in možne oblike odvzema te protipravno pridobljene koristi. Z analizo statističnih podatkov policije o pobudi za začasno zavarovanje zahtevka za odvzem premoženjske koristi in tožilstva o odrejenih stvarnih omejevalnih ukrepih želimo predstaviti uspešnost organov odkrivanja in pregona pri odvzemu premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem. Za konec se bomo osredotočili še na hrambo premoženja, ki je bilo začasno zavarovano za odvzem protipravne premoženjske koristi, kar nam podrobneje opredeljujeta Uredba o postopku upravljanja z zaseženimi predmeti, premoženjem in varščinami ter Uredba o načinu ravnanja z zaseženimi in odvzetimi prepovedanimi drogami.The whole world, even Slovenia is facing with crime every day, not only with klasic crime or street crime, but also with organized and economical crime which causes significant bigger damage. These crimes are harder to find because they are better organized and covered up as classic crimes. Persons with offenses are gaining unlawful pecuniary advantage and with this kind of property they are increasing their power and position in society. Resources, which they gain with this kind of offences, are invested into other offences and that is how they spread this circle of functioning. In this task we want to introduce institute of confiscation of property benefits, gained by committing of a criminal offence and the protection of injured party in case that to him is caused damage with offence, because he can submit a civil claim in criminal proceedings. First we will define the withdrawal of confiscation of property benefits, gained by committing of a criminal offence, then the way of withdrawal and the definition of persons against which it is possible to carry out confiscation. These are criminals or other direct recipients of the unlawful benefit, other natural and legal persons. The Legislation of the Republic of Sloveniathe Penal Code 1 and the law of criminal procedure allows us the topic of confiscation of property benefits, gained by committing of a criminal offence deal with the procedural course of material point of view. In the procedural aspect is also temporarily securing a claim for confiscation of assets and the possible forms of deprivation of these unlawfully obtained benefits. With analysis of the statistics of the police, on the initiative for temporarily securing a claim for confiscation of proceeds and prosecution, on certain restrictive measures in rem, we want to present a performance of detection and prosecution authorities for the collection of the proceeds, acquired with crime. For the end we will focus on the retention of property, which has been temporarily protected for the abstraction of the proceeds, which defines us in details the regulation on the procedure for the management of the seized objects, property and a bail bondsman and the regulation on the method of the management of seized and collected drug trafficking