Safe application of blood components

Aplikacija komponent krvi je poseg, ki zahteva zbranost in natančnost izvajalca, saj lahko že ob najmanjši napaki pride do neželenega dogodka.Čeprav je vedno manj prijavljenih reakcij med transfuzijo, je še vedno veliko neželenih napak, ki se zgodijo med samo aplikacijo komponent krvi. Neželeni dogodki pri transfuziji krvnih komponent pa nas opozarjajo, da moramo varnost apliciranja komponent krvi še izboljšati in povečati. Teoretična izhodišča smo pridobili z analizo domače in tuje literature. Raziskava je temeljila na kvantitativni metodologiji. Podatke smo pridobili z anonimnimi vprašalniki, ki smo jih razdelili na različnih oddelkih v Splošni bolnišnici Slovenj Gradec. Anketni vprašalnik je vseboval 23 vprašanj polodprtega in zaprtega tipa. Podatke smo računalniško obdelali in grafično prikazali s pomočjo računalniškega programa Microsoft Word in Microsoft Excel. Glede na rezultate raziskave smo ugotovili, da večina anketirancev (90%) še nikoli ni storila kakšne nepravilnosti, zaradi katere bi kasneje prišlo do neželenega dogodka pri transfuziji. Majhen je tudi odstotek anketirancev, pri katerih je že prišlo od lažje oz. hujše reakcije pri pacientu med transfuzijo. Največji problem se pojavlja pri upoštevanju strokovnih smernic, najbolj pri uporabi rokavic in segrevanju sveže zamrznjene plazme.The application of blood components is a procedure requiring focus and precision, as the slightest mistake can lead to an unwanted event. Although reported reactions during blood transfusions are getting fewer, there is still a number of mistakes taking place during the application of blood components itself. Unwanted events during the transfusion of blood components are a reminder that we need to improve and increase the safety of the application of blood components. The theoretical framework was obtained from an analysis of local and foreign literature on the subject, and the research is based on quantitative methodology. The data was obtained from anonymous questionnaires, which we handed out in various departments of the Slovenj Gradec general hospital. The questionnaire contained 23 open-ended and closed-ended questions. The acquired data was processed by computer and depicted visually with the aid of Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel applications. The results show that most (90%) of the people polled have never committed an error which would lead to an undesired event during transfusion. The percentage of people polled who had experienced a mild or severe patient reaction during transfusion was also small. The largest problem presents itself with the following of professional guidelines, mostly in connection with glove use and the heating of fresh frozen plasma