Influence of different crop loads on vegatative growth and generative development of apple variety \u27Fuji\u27

V okviru diplomskega dela smo v letih 2008 in 2009 izvajali poskus, katerega namen je bil ugotoviti vpliv obremenitve s pridelkom na vegetativno rast in generativni razvoj jablan sorte \u27Fuji\u27. Poskus je potekal na posestvu Benediktinskega dvora d.o.o., v sadovnjaku v Limbušu. Razvrstitev dreves v skupine je bila narejena na osnovi rodnega potenciala (število socvetij) v letu 2008. Tvorili smo tri skupine dreves, ki so v nadaljevanju predstavljala tri obravnavanja. V prvo skupino (obravnavanje 1) so bila odbrana drevesa z najmanjšim rodnim nastavkom, ki se je gibal do 41 cvetnih šopov na drevo. V drugi skupini (obravnavanje 2) so bila drevesa s srednjim rodnim potencialom, število cvetnih šopov teh dreves se je gibalo med 42 in 60 na drevo. V tretji skupini (obravnavanje 3) pa so bila drevesa z visokim rodnim potencialom, to je več kot 60 cvetnih šopov na drevo. Meritve obsega debel v dveh zaporednih letih so pokazale, da so najmočneje priraščala drevesa pri najmanj obremenjenih drevesih, obremenitev teh dreves je znašala 5 plodov na cm2 preseka debla (obravnavanje 1). Večanje obremenitve na 9 oz. 10 plodov na cm2 preseka debla je statistično značilno vplivalo na količino pridelka in povprečni prirast debla. V letu 2009 smo pri vseh treh obravnavanjih ugotovili zmanjšanje števila plodov glede na leto 2008. Optimalna obremenitev je bila ugotovljena pri 5 plodovih na cm2 preseka debla.The purpose of the experiments, which were conducted within the scope of the thesis in the years 2008 and 2009, was to determine the effect of varying crop load on the vegetative growth and the generative development of the \u27Fuji\u27 apple variety. The experiments took place on the estate of Benediktinski dvor Ltd., an orchard located in Limbuš. The clustering of the trees was carried out on the basis of the fertility potential (number of inflorescences) in the year 2008. Three groups of trees were formed, which later on represented three trials. The first group (trial 1) consisted of trees with the lowest amount of fruit set, with approximately 41 flower clusters per tree. The second group (trial 2) consisted of trees with a medium fertility potential, the number of flower clusters on these threes was between 42 and 60. The trees with the highest fertility potential made up the third group (trial 3). In this group, the number of flower clusters per tree was above 60. The stem circumference measurements – carried out in two following years – revealed, that the trees with the lowest crop load had the highest growth rate. The crop load of these trees (trial 1), was 5 fruits per square centimetre trunk cross sectional area. Increasing the crop load to 9 or 10 fruits per square centimetre trunk cross sectional area had a statistically significant effect on the yield and on the average trunk growth rate. Comparing the number of fruits in 2009 and 2008, a decrease was observed in the number of fruits. The optimum crop load was ascertained at 5 fruits per square centimetre trunk cross sectional area