Zasliševanje žrtev in prič kaznivih dejanj : diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študija Varnost in policijsko delo

Ko policija dobi obvestilo o storjenem kaznivem dejanju, odhiti na kraj dejanja, kjer začne zbirati obvestila. Z zbiranjem obvestil se ugotavljajo dejstva in okoliščine storjenega kaznivega dejanja. V moji diplomski nalogi je opisanih več primerov zbiranja obvestil, saj so za vsako kaznivo dejanje določena pravila. Pri storjenem uboju se zbirajo obvestila od očividcev in svojcev, pri samomorih predvsem od svojcev, pri vlomih in ropih pa predvsem od oškodovanca. Pri storjenem spolnem nasilju nad žensko se opravljata dva razgovora. Predvsem je pomembno, da so preiskovalci iskreni, nepristranski, vredni zaupanja, pozitivno naravnani in spoštljivi. Še pred nekaj časa so otroci veljali za neverodostojne priče, vendar to ni res. V 98 odstotkih otroci govorijo resnico. Ko se opravlja razgovor z otrokom, ga mora izpraševati tisti preiskovalec, ki je vešč še na drugih področjih. Preiskovalec mora otroka najprej sprostiti, se malo poigrati z njim in mu dokazati, da mu lahko zaupa. V zaslišanjih je dostikrat pomembno, da ga izvaja tisti preiskovalec, ki bo iz priče, osumljenca ali žrtve znal izvedeti čim več informacij, ki so verodostojne. Zaradi tega se je razvil kognitivni intervju, da bi se povečala kvaliteta in kvantiteta pridobljenih informacij. Cilj kognitivnega intervjuja je, da preiskovalec pričo pripelje do tistih vprašanj, kjer se bo priča spomnila pomembnih dogodkov ter ostalih informacij, ki bodo pomagale razjasniti vprašanja, ki jih imajo preiskovalci.When the police get notice about a done criminal offence, they hurry up on the place of an act, where they start to gather notices. Facts and circumstances of a done criminal offence are being found out by collecting notices. In my graduate thesis it is described in several cases the gathering of notices, as they are defined rules for any offense. In the case of a homicide they collect announcements from eye-witnesses and relatives, in a suicide especially from relatives, in burglaries and robberies, especially from the victims. After sexual violence over a woman, two conversations are being done. First of all it is important that the investigators are sincere, neutral, worthtrusted, directed positively and respectful. Yet not so long time ago, children were considered to be partly reliable witnesses, however this is not true. Children tell the truth in 98 percents. When a conversation is done with a child, the investigator must quiz him and needs to be skilled also on other fields. First the investigator must relax a child, by playing with him for a littlewhile, to prove to him, that a child can trust him. In the hearings it is very important, that it is done by an investigator, who will be referred to the witnesses, the suspect or the victims, and who will know how to find out as much information as possible that will be credible. As a result of this, a cognitive interview was developed in order to increase the quality and quantity of information. The aim of the cognitive interview is that the investigator prepare a witness to ask those questions where will a witness be reminded of important events and other information that will help to clarify the issues which the investigators will have