Nasilje v družini : (primerjava ukrepa prepovedi približevanja in ukrepa sodne prepovedi približevanja)

Diplomska nalog je osredotočena na preučevanje nasilja v družini, zelo perečega globalnega družbenega problema, s katerim se tudi Slovenija intenzivno sooča in spopada. Naloga je tematsko razdeljena na dva dela. Prvi del je namenjen predstavitvi pojma nasilja v družini ter kategorizaciji oblik samega nasilja. Nasilje v družini ima namreč številne oblike in prizadene veliko število prebivalstva, saj poleg splošno najbolj poznanih vrst nasilja, kot so fizično in spolno nasilje, sem prištevamo tudi psihično, ekonomsko, verbalno nasilje in zanemarjanje. Vse to nam govori o dejstvu, da se ljudje premalokrat zavedamo resnosti problema in imamo slabe predstave o tem, kaj nasilje v družini dejansko pomeni in kakšne družbene razsežnosti lahko predstavlja. Drugi del naloge se ukvarja s pregledom razvoja slovenske zakonodaje na področju nasilja v družini od leta 2001 do danes, dotakne pa se tudi širših družbenih trendov in trendov v globalni skupnosti, ki so imeli vpliv na razvoj slovenske normativne ureditve. Pri tem je treba omeniti, da se je Slovenija opirala na splošne globalne vplive in na spremembe v globalnem mišljenju ter iskala rešitve za podobne težave med primeri dobrih praks v ostalih evropskih državah. Poseben poudarek je namenjen tudi raziskovanju učinkovitosti celotnega slovenskega sistema boja proti nasilju v družini. Pri tem je glavni poudarek na proučevanju ukrepa prepovedi približevanja, ki je še posebej pomemben pri spopadanju s problemom nasilja v družini, saj se osredotoča na zaščito žrtev nasilja, ki je eden izmed ključnih ciljev celotnega boja proti nasilju v družini. Z vidika učinkovitosti sta analizirana oba ukrepa prepovedi približevanjain sicer tako imenovana »policijska prepoved« na eni strani in »sodna prepoved« približevanja na drugi strani. Zaradi kompleksnosti samega pojava nasilja, je pri vprašanju učinkovitosti navedenih ukrepov izpostavljeno tudi sodelovanje med akterji, ki se s problemom soočajo oziroma pomen multidisciplinarnega pristopa k reševanju celotne problematike. Okvir metodološkega dela naloge predstavlja raziskovalno vprašanje o učinkovitosti celotnega sistema boja proti nasilju v družini ter iz njega izhajajoči hipotezi.The focus of this thesis is the study of domestic violence, which is a very serious global social issue and one that Slovenia is facing and battling with great tenacity. The thesis is thematically divided into two parts. The first part is devoted to the presentation of the concept of domestic violence and the categorization of its various forms. Here we can see that domestic violence affects a very significant part of the population, as it – in addition to the most commonly known types of violence, such as physical and sexual violence – also includes psychological, economic and verbal violence, as well as negligence, which is a special form. What all this leads to is the fact that people are not aware enough of the seriousness of the problem and tend to have a poor idea of what domestic violence actually means and what the real proportions of this very present social phenomenon are. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the overview of the development of the Slovenian legislation in the field of domestic violence from the year 2001 to the present day. It also touches upon the wider social trends and trends in the global community, which had an impact on the development of the Slovenian legislation in the discussed field. It should be noted that Slovenia has generally relied on the influences and changes in global thinking present in different foreign countries and looked for solutions amongst the examples of good practice in those countries. The second part of the thesis is furthermore focused on the exploration of the effectiveness of the entire Slovenian system in place to prevent and limit domestic violence. In this context, the main emphasis is on the presentation of restraining orders, which are especially important in dealing with the problem, as they focus on the protection of victims of violence. The latter is one of the key objectives of the overall war on domestic violence. The two forms of restraining orders are analysed from the standpoint of efficiency – both the form of the measure that falls under the Police Act and the form that falls under the Criminal Procedure Act (i. e. judicial restraining order). Due to the complexity of the phenomenon, the collaboration between various state departments, which are responsible for dealing with the problem of domestic violence, is also highlighted, as well as the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the whole issue. The methodological part of the thesis is centred on the investigative question about the effectiveness of the entire system in place to battle domestic violence and the hypotheses, which stem from therein