Uporaba risanja človeških figur pri preiskovanju spolnih zlorab : diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija

Diplomska naloga predstavlja spolno zlorabo in načine preiskovanja te vrste kriminalitete. Vrst spolnih zlorab je veliko, pri vsaki pa gre za močno kršenje otrokovih pravic. Vse oblike spolnih zlorab vključujejo dejanja, ki so za otroka neprijetna, velikokrat pa tudi boleča. Storilci so največkrat moški, lahko pa so tudi ženske. V večini primerov gre za zadovoljitev storilčevih spolnih nagnjenj, otrok pa mu v tem primeru predstavlja objekt poželenja. Žrtve so tako deklice kot dečki, a so kljub temu bolj izpostavljene deklice. Največ spolnih zlorab se zgodi v družinskem krogu in med družinskimi člani, storilci so očetje, očimi, dedki, strici, dejanja pa so znotraj družine skrita pred očmi javnosti in prav zaradi tega težja za odkrivanje in preprečevanje. Pri spolni zlorabi otrok gre za hudo kaznivo dejanje, ki ga je takoj po ugotovitvi potrebno prijaviti, pri samem postopku pa sodeluje več institucij, kot so policija, socialno delo, psihologi in razni drugi strokovno usposobljeni delavci. Pri preiskovanju je zelo pomemben razgovor z otrokom, ki ga opravi strokovno usposobljen delavec. Pri razgovoru uporablja pravilno postavljena vprašanja, lahko pa vključi tudi uporabo anatomskih lutk, anatomskih risb in otroških risb. Otroška risba je lahko v veliko pomoč pri preiskovanju spolnih zlorab, ampak mora biti interpretirana tudi s strani otroka ob uporabi pravilnih vprašanj. Otrok lahko s pomočjo risbe nevede razkrije svoje notranje občutke in doživljanja, kar je preiskovalcem v veliko pomoč. Sama tehnika preiskovanja spolne zlorabe otrok z uporabo risanja človeških figur je lahko v veliko pomoč, vendar jo vseeno mnogi avtorji zavračajo. Pomembno se je zavedati, da so pri otroških risbah pomembni predhoden razgovor z otrokom in predhodni sumi za zlorabo.The thesis represents sexual abuse, and ways of investigation these types of crime. There are lots of types of sexual abuse and all of them contain strong violation of children\u27s rights. All forms of sexual abuse also include acts which are frequently painful and unpleasant for the child. Most sexual abuses are committed by men, however, examples of women abusers have also been emerging. In most cases, the abuse refers to gratification of sexual desires of the offender and the child represents the object of desire. The victims can be boys and girls, but girls are more exposed than boys. Most child sexual abuses happen in a family, between family members, where offenders are usually fathers, stepfathers, grandfathers, uncles and so the actions that happen inside family are hidden from the public eyes and this is why they are difficult to detect and prevent. Sexual abuse of child is a serious crime which has to be reported to the police immediately after having been found out. In the process of investigation several different institutions cooperate such as police, social workers, psychologists and other qualified workers. Conversation with the child is also very important, and it has to be performed by a professionally qualified worker. In the interview the questions must be asked correctly and during the conversation anatomical dolls, anatomical drawings and children\u27s drawings may be used. Childrens\u27 drawings can be of big help in the sexual abuse investigation, but they have to be interpreted by the child who drew it and have to be underpinned with right questions. The children can by drawings unwittingly reveal a lot of their inner feelings and their experience and this information can be of great help to investigators. The sexual abuse investigation technique , where the childrens\u27 human figure drawings are used, can be of great help, but has been rejected by many of the authors. It is important to bear in mind, that using this technique it is important to have prevoius conversation with the child at the preliminary suspicionof abuse