Assessment of the accidents \u27 consequences involving petroleum products

V diplomskem delu so opisani scenariji nesreč z naftnimi derivati, ki smo jih definirali na osnovi razpoložljivih podatkov v literaturi. Opredelili in ovrednotili smo najverjetnejše in najtežje scenarije, na primer nenadni izpust iz rezervoarja, iztekanje iz vagonske ali avtocisterne, prepolnitev rezervoarja in razpok drenažnega ventila. Modeliranje scenarijev in napovedovanje posledic smo izvedli z računalniškim programom Phast. Upoštevali smo različne vremenske pogoje, kot so: letni čas, temperatura, vlažnost zraka, hitrost vetra itd. Posledice razlitja naftnih derivatov so lahko hude, kot je pokazala nesreča v skladišču goriv Buncefield, v Veliki Britaniji leta 2005. Rezultati ocenjevanja posledic kažejo, da lahko tudi majhne nepravilnosti in napake pri ravnanju z naftnimi derivati privedejo do hudih posledic, ki imajo že pri majhnih izpustih velika območja vplivanja. Zato mora vsako podjetje, ki se ukvarja z nevarnimi snovmi, izvesti celovito oceno tveganja za zmanjšanje nevarnosti in ustrezno ukrepanje ob izrednih dogodkih.This thesis describes various accident scenarios involving petroleum products, which were determined based on the available information in the literature. The most likely and the most severe scenarios were defined and evaluated, e.g. a sudden loss of containment, leak from road- or rail tankers, tank overflow, and drain valve rupture. Modelling of scenarios and assessment of consequences were performed by means of the computer program Phast. Various weather conditions were taken into account, e.g. the season, the temperature, air humidity, wind speed etc. The consequences of petroleum products discharge could be severe, as demonstrated by the Buncefield accident in the United Kingdom, 2005. The results of the consequence assessment indicated that even slight irregularities and faults in the handling of petroleum products may cause severe consequences, as even small releases could establish the large influence zones. Therefore, each company dealing with hazardous materials has to conduct a comprehensive risk assessement to reduce risks, and to apply adequate measures in case of emergency