Vpliv ekstremnih naporov na gibalne sposobnosti in osebnostne značilnosti pripadnikov Slovenske vojske : diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija

V diplomski nalogi sem predstavila ekstremne obremenitve, s katerimi se pri svojem delu srečujejo slovenske vojakinje in vojaki (v nadaljevanju vojaki), ter se osredotočila na vpliv opisanih ekstremnih pogojev na posameznikove osebnostne lastnosti in gibalne sposobnosti. V večini vojaških organizacij po svetu sta šport in z njim povezana skrb za dobro telesno pripravljenost na prvem mestu. Z vsakodnevno telesno vadbo se vojaki urijo za delo v najtežjih razmerah, ki jih terja vojaški poklic. Hudi fizični napori, mraz, vročina, stres ipd. so dejavniki, ki jih lahko uspešno premaga le dobro fizično pripravljen in psihično dovolj stabilen vojak. Podrobneje sem predstavila ekstremne napore v Slovenski vojski, razložila dejavnike, ki vplivajo na preobremenjenost gibalnega sistema, ter opisala, kako ekstremni napori vplivajo na motoriko in osebnost posameznika. Težka bremena so glavni razlog za poškodbe hrbtenice, mišično obremenitev, zvine, zlome ipd. Zaradi nenehnih obremenitev velike intenzitete pa je vojak pod nenehnim stresom, le-ta pa v prevelikem obsegu negativno vpliva na vojakovo zdravje in telesno zmogljivost. Iz zbrane literature sem predstavila razlike med spoloma. Zaradi funkcionalnih razlik med ženskim in moškim telesom izpostavljenost ekstremnim situacijam ne vpliva enako na oba spola. Vojaška organizacija mora dejavnikom, ki ogrožajo delo vojaka, nameniti še posebno veliko pozornost. Razumeti je potrebno razlike med spoloma, natančno planirati režime treninga in počitka, razvijati nove rehabilitacijske metode, ki pomagajo zagotavljati zdravje in dobro počutje vojakov v vsaki vojaški organizaciji. V zadnjem delu sem obravnavala vojake specialnih enot. Ti so še posebej podvrženi delu v ekstremnih razmerah. Njihovo delo terja izvrstno telesno pripravljenost in psihično stabilnost, zato so za delo v specialnih enotah izbrani le najboljši.In my thesis I concentrated on extreme loads faced by Slovenian soldiers, and described the impact of extreme conditions on the individual\u27s personality traits and physical abilities. Sports and related care for the good physical condition are the most important components in every military organisation around the world. Soldiers are trained with daily exercise to handle the toughest conditions, which are required by the military profession. Severe physical efforts, cold, heat, stress and others are the factors that can be successfully defeated only by a soldier that is in a good physical and mental condition. In my thesis I presented more specifically extreme efforts in the Slovenian Armed Forces, explained the factors that affect the overload of the locomotor system, and described how can extreme efforts affect individual\u27s motor skills and personality. Heavy loads are the main cause of spinal injuries, muscular loads, sprains, fractures, and others. Due to the constant high load intensity, the soldier is under constant stress, which has in oversized extension a negative impact on his health and physical performance. I explained the differences between men and women. Because of the functional differences between the female and male body, the exposure to extreme situations does not affect equally to both sexes. Factors that threaten the soldier\u27s work deserve special attention by Military Organisation. It is necessary to understand the differences between the sexes, to plan carefully the regimes of training and resting, and to develop new rehabilitation methods that will help to ensure the health and welfare of soldiers in military organisations. In the last section of my thesis I focused on soldiers of Special Forces. They are especially subjected to working in the extreme conditions and their work requires excellent physical and mental condition. Therefore only the best soldiers are selected for working in special units