MODEL OF ENERGY UTILIZATION OF BIOMASS COMPARED TO FUEL OIL

V diplomski nalogi smo se osredotočili na prenovo ogrevanja v obstoječi hiši. Trenutno je ta hiša ogrevana z drvmi, vendar bi jo radi prenovili. Izbrali smo dve različni opciji za ogrevanje, in sicer ogrevanje s kurilnim oljem ali ogrevanje z lesno biomaso. Fosilna goriva so neobnovljiv vir energije, kar pomeni, da jih večno ne bomo mogli izkoriščati, poleg vsega pa so tudi velik obremenjevalec okolja. Vsi si moramo začeti prizadevati za zmanjševanje negativnih učinkov na okolje, med katerimi moramo zmanjšati in preprečiti emisije toplogrednih plinov. Vsak dan smo priča številnim zgovornim podatkom o podnebnih spremembah in posledicah, ki nam grozijo zaradi neprestanega razvoja in preveč brezskrbnega ravnanja z okoljem, od njega pa smo odvisni pravzaprav vsi. Problem nastane pri investicijskih stroških, saj je tehnologija ogrevalnih sistemov fosilnih goriv preprostejša od tehnologije izgorevanja biomase, vendar z dolgoročno primerjavo investicije in cene energenta ugotavljamo, da je cenovno najugodnejše ogrevanje na lesno biomaso.This diploma paper focuses on central heating system renewal in a detached house. At present, the wood-firing installation is used in the house. We have chosen two different heating options – the oil-heating installation and the biomass heating installation. For both alternative options, the technical, environmental, organizational, staff and financial aspects are discussed in this diploma paper. With the biomass heating installation, two variants are discussed: pellets and wood chips as fuels. When evaluating the environmental aspects, it is important to take into account the entire lifecycle of individual fuel type. In case of biomass heating, the higher investment costs are in the long-term period compensated by the lower fuel costs. Additionally, the use of biomass instead of oil for heating contributes to the reduction of the greenhouse effect