TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT BY THE EMPLOYER AND THE EMPLOYEE AND THE INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION

Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti institut prenehanja delovnega razmerja s strani delodajalca in delavca po nacionalni ureditvi ter mednarodnem vidiku in primerjava z Republiko Hrvaško, Republiko Avstrijo in Zvezno republiko Nemčijo. Prenehanje pogodbe o zaposlitvi je zelo pomembna tema delovnega prava, saj vpliva na pravice in obveznosti pogodbenih strank. Po eni strani delavec izgubi vir za preživljanje sebe in svoje družine, po drugi strani pa delodajalec izgubi delovno silo, kar vpliva na njegovo poslovanje. V diplomskem delu sem predstavila prenehanje delovnega razmerja, postopke in pravice pogodbenih strank. Dotaknila sem se tudi posebnega varstva pred odpovedjo. Posledice gospodarske krize so pustile pečat prav na področju zaposlovanja. Po podatkih Statističnega urada Republike Slovenije je bila ugotovljena 8,2-odstotna stopnja brezposelnosti za 2. četrtletje (od aprila do junija) 2012. Na podlagi teh ugotovitev opazimo, kako veliko vlogo ima zaposlitev, ki daje delavcu in družini varstvo, stabilnost in vir za preživljanje. Zato je pomembno, da se zavedamo pravic na podlagi delovnega razmerja in da ostanemo aktivni na delovnem področju. Izguba zaposlitve lahko vodi do večjih težavbistvenega pomena je, da se posameznik zaveda posledic in na podlagi pravic, ki mu pripadajo, pravilno ukrepa. Za potrebe tega diplomskega dela je bistven pravni akt Zakon o delovnih razmerjih, ki je nastal v luči mednarodnih dokumentov, ki zavezujejo Republiko Slovenijo. Tako je prenehanje pogodbe o zaposlitvi urejeno v skladu z Mednarodnim paktom o ekonomskih, socialnih in kulturnih pravicah, (spremenjeno) Evropsko socialno listino, Konvencijo MOD št. 158 o prenehanju delovnega razmerja na pobudo delodajalca in istoimenskim Priporočilom 166 ter nekaterimi konvencijami, ki zagotavljajo varstvo posameznim kategorijam delavcev. Največji poudarek bo predvsem na odpovedi pogodbe o zaposlitvi s strani delodajalca. Zaradi potrebe po večji fleksibilnosti pri zaposlovanju in želje po zmanjšanju segmentacije na trgu dela pa je predvidena tudi sprememba Zakona o delovnih razmerjih. Podan je predlog, ki ga bom predstavila in poskušala prikazati določene spremembe, saj se nanaša v veliki meri prav na temo prenehanja delovnega razmerja.The purpose of the thesis is to present the institut employment relationship with the employer and worker under the national legislation and the international aspect and compare it with the Republic of Croatia, the Republic of Austria and the Federal Republic of Germany. The termination of the contract of employment is a very important theme of the labour law, since they affect the rights and obligations of the Contracting Parties. On the one hand, the worker loses his source for the livelihood of themselves and their families, on the other hand, the employer loses the workforce, which is effect on his business. In this thesis work I presented the termination of the employment relationship, procedures and the rights of the contracting parties. I also touched on the special protection against dismissal. The consequences of the economic crisis have left a mark on this area. According to the data of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia was established 8. 2% unemployment rate for 2. quarter (April to June) 2012. On the basis of the sefindings, we see how it is an important job that gives the worker and the family some protection, stability and a source of subsistence. It is there for important that we are aware of the rights on the basis of the employment relationship and to stay active on the field, because the loss of an employment can lead to major problems and it is essential to how an individual aware of implications and on the basis of the rights that belong to the correct action. For the purposes of this thesis is an essential instrument the Law on labour relations, which is made in the light of the international documents binding on the Republic of Slovenia. So is the termination of the contract of employment is regulated in accordance with the International Covenant on economic, social and cultural rights, (modified) the European Social Charter, the Convention MOD No. 158 on the termination of the employment relationship is terminated on the initiative of the employer and the same Recommendation 166, and some conventions that are providing protection for certain categories of workers. The biggest emphasis will be mainly on the termination of the contract of employment by the employer. Due to the need for greater flexibility in hiring and the desire to reduce the segmentation of the labour market is also provided for the change of the Act on employment relationships. Given the proposal that I presented and tried to show the specific changes, because it refers to a large extent also on the topic of termination of the employment relationship