IMPACT OF SWIMMING ON MOTOR AND SENSOMOTORIC DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN

V teoretičnem diplomskem delu z naslovom Vpliv plavanja na motorični in senzomotorični razvoj otroka smo želeli ugotoviti, kako plavanje vpliva na predšolskega otroka. Preverili smo, na katere komponente vpliva plavanje med razvojem otroka. V okviru plavanja sta predstavljena pomen znanja plavanja in pozitivni učinki plavanja na vsa področja razvoja otroka in ostalih oseb. V nadaljevanju naloga zajema telesni in motorični razvoj otrok v predšolskem obdobju, senzomotorični razvoj otrok, in sicer kinestetično, vidno, slušno in ravnotežno čutno področje. Predstavljeni so vidiki, ki vplivajo na plavanje otroka. Najpomembnejša sta motorični ter senzomotorični, za njima pa še psihološki, sociološki, vzgojno-izobraževalni, biološko-zdravstveni in funkcionalni vidik. Poseben del zajema tudi odgovor na vprašanje, kdaj pričeti z učenjem plavanja pri predšolskih otrocih, ki se še razvijajo in pri katerih je potrebno upoštevati določene dejavnike in razvojne značilnosti. Hkrati so na kratko opisani tudi osnovni problemi, ki se lahko pojavijo pri učenju plavanja predšolskih otrok. Pomemben del zajema tudi učenje otrok s posebnimi potrebami in njim prilagojena vadba, ki je zajeta v Halliwickovem programu. Iz pregleda teorije, zapisane v diplomski nalogi smo ugotovili, da plavanje ugodno vpliva na celoten otrokov razvoj ter dihalni in srčno-žilni sistem. Prav tako pozitivno vpliva na čutno-gibalno področje in ima tudi pomemben terapevtski učinek na gibalno prizadete otroke.The thesis entitled Impact of Swimming on Motor and Sensorimotor Development in Children tries to establish how swimming affects preschool children. We analysed which areas are affected by swimming during the child’s development. We present the importance of knowing how to swim and the positive effects of swimming on all areas of development in children and other persons. Later in the thesis we discuss the physical and motor development of children in preschool, and the sensorimotor development of children involving kinesthesia, vision, hearing and balance. The aspects that influence the child’s swimming are presented, the most important of which are motor and sensorimotor aspects, followed by psychological, sociological, educational, biological-health and functional aspects. Special part of the thesis deals with the question when to introduce swimming lessons to preschool children, since they are still developing and certain factors and developmental characteristics need to be taken into consideration. At the same time we briefly describe the basic problems which may occur in preschool children taking swimming lessonsconsiderable part includes teaching special needs children and the exercises adapted to them based on Halliwick method. Theoretical review showed that swimming benefits the overall development of the child, exhibiting positive effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, the sensorimotor area and has important therapeutic benefit for physically handicapped children