LEGAL REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION AT EUROPEAN UNION LEVEL AND THE PROCESS OF ITS ACQUISITION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA

Diplomska naloga obravnava področje pravne ureditve mednarodne zaščite na ravni Evropske unije in postopek njene pridobitve v Republiki Sloveniji. Evropska unija na področju mednarodne zaščite aktivno deluje že od leta 1999, kar se kaže v tem, da je področje mednarodne zaščite bilo in je še pogosto podvrženo spremembam in usklajevanjem s strani primarne in sekundarne zakonodaje Evropske unije. Temelji za vzpostavitev skupne evropske azilne politike so bili postavljeni leta 1999 v Tampereju na Finskem in bili skozi leta nadgrajeni in dopolnjeni z Haaškim in Stockholmskim programom. Evropska unija teži k cilju, da bi se v vseh državah članicah razvil enoten sistem politike mednarodne zaščite in da bi povsod veljali vsaj enaki minimalni standardi mednarodne zaščite (azila). Za uresničitev tega cilja je Evropska komisija sprejela različne instrumente, kot so Dublinska uredba, Eurodac uredba, Direktiva sveta 2005/85/ES – postopkovna direktiva, Direktiva sveta 2004/83/ES – kvalifikacijska direktiva, Direktiva sveta 2003/9/ES – recepcijska direktiva, s katerimi med državami članicami postavlja temelje za skupen evropski azilni sistem. Republika Slovenija je del evropskega azilnega sistema in kot država članica EU teži k temu, da mora biti postopek za pridobitev mednarodne zaščite do vseh prosilcev pravičen, pošten, hiter, učinkovit in neprepusten za zlorabe, predvsem pa mora biti v skladu s standardi, ki jih določa Unija. V diplomski nalogi je v celoti predstavljen potek postopka za pridobitev mednarodne zaščite, pri čemer so podani poudarki tudi na določenih institutih, ki pridejo v poštev tekom postopka na prvi stopnji.The main theme of this diploma paper is the whole scope of legal regulation of international protection in the scale of European Union and the process of its acquisition in the Republic of Slovenia. In the field of international protection, EU actively perticipates ever since 1999, which is shown by the fact that the field of international protection was and still is frequently tended towards changes and coordination by primary and secondary legislation of EU. Grounds for enforcement of common European Asylum politics were set in 1999 in Tampere, Finland and by the years they were upgrated and also supplemented by Haugee and Stockholm programme. Main efford of EU is to set unified sistem for politics of international protection for all member states, where the same and equal minimum standards of international protection ( asylum) would set grounds. European Commision accepted various instruments for fulfilling this goal, such as Dublin Regulation, Eurodac Regulation, Directive of Council 2005/85/ES – proceeding directive, Directive of Council 2004/83/ES – Qualification Directive, Directive of Council 2003/9/ES – Reception Directive, with which sets grounds for common European asylum sistem for all member states. Republic of Slovenia is part of European asylum sistem and as the member state leans towards the fact, that procedure for achivement of international protection for all applicants is fair, honest, straight, quick, effective and untight towards abuse, in particular it must be in accordance with standards, set by EU. In this diploma paper the whole termination of procedure for acquisition of international protection is presented. Regarding this procedures, various emphasis are set on determinacy institutes, which comes in question during the first level