Mladi in nasilje v urbanih okoljih : diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija

Predmet diplomskega dela je pojav nasilja med mladimi v mestnem okolju in način soočanja z njim. Nasilje je pogost pojav, s katerim se srečujemo v vsakdanjem življenju. Dejstvu, da je nasilje med mladimi prisotno, se ne smemo izogibati, ampak moramo ta problem z ustreznimi ukrepi omejiti oziroma preprečiti. Diplomsko delo je razdeljeno na teoretični in metodološki del. V teoretičnem delu so opredeljeni temeljni pojmi, to so nasilje, ki se deli na fizično in psihično, agresivnost, mladina in obdobje mladosti oziroma adolescence. V nadaljevanju so navedene osnovne teorije treh vrst razvoja deviantnosti, biološke, psihološke in sociološke teorije. Diplomsko delo se dotika predvsem socioloških teorij, med katerimi so kot rizični dejavniki za razvoj nasilja pri mladostniku omenjeni družina, vrstniki in šola. Družinski odnosi in medvrstniški odnosi pomembno vplivajo na razvoj nasilja pri mladostniku. Predstavljeno je tudi okolje, v katerem se nasilje največ pojavlja. To sta družinsko okolje in šolsko okolje. Ko govorimo o nasilju, se mladoletnik lahko pojavi v treh različnih vlogah, kot storilec, žrtev in opazovalec. Za vsako od teh vlog poznamo več različnih tipov. Po izpostavljenosti nasilju se dečki ločujejo od deklet. Metodološki del diplomskega dela temelji na treh predpostavkah o nasilju med mladimi. Izvedena je bila raziskava o nasilju med mladimi, v katero so bili vključeni osnovnošolci in srednješolci. Raziskava je potekala v dveh slovenskih mestih, našem največjem mestu Ljubljani in srednje velikem mestu Kranj. S statističnimi analizami smo skušali preveriti postavljene predpostavke.The thesis discusses the phenomenon of the appearance of violence between youth in urban settings and how to deal with it. We face violence in our every day life. We can not avoid the fact that violence is present among youth. We must limit or prevent that problem by various measures. The thesis is divided into theoretical and the methodological part. In the theoretical part, basic conceptions are definedthese are violence (physical and psychological), aggression, youth and the period of adolescence. In continuation, there are mentioned principal theories of three types of agression development. These are biological, psychological and sociological theories. This thesis mostly discusses sociological theories, of which the most risky factors of developing agression among youth are family, peers and school. Family realtionships and peer relationships have a great influence on agression development. The environment, in which violence is the most frequent, is also presented. This includes the family environment and the school surrounding. When talking about violence, a juvenile can occur in three different roles. There are several types of perpetrators, victims and observers. Researches about exposure of youth to violence show that boys are more exposed to violence than girls. The methodological part of the thesis is based on three assumptions about violence among youth. The study on violence among youth included elementary and high school pupils. A research has taken place in two Slovenian cities, Ljubljana and Kranj. With statistic analysis we tried to confirm these assumptions