PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS FROM DIFFERENT RAW MATERIALS

Današnji industrijski razvoj in gospodarska rast temeljita na intenzivni rabi energije, ki jo dobimo pretežno iz neobnovljivih virov, zlasti fosilnih goriv. Študije kažejo, da bodo tudi v prihodnjih desetletjih fosilna goriva (kljub absolutnemu povečevanju izkoriščanja obnovljivih virov energije) igrala nosilno vlogo pri energijski oskrbi. V podjetju Nafta-Petrochem d.o.o so doslej proizvajali sintezni plin iz zemeljskega plina, katerega nabavna cena je dokaj visoka. Iz tega razloga in, ker je njegova dobava dolgoročno vprašljiva, želijo to surovino nadomestiti z drugimi, kot so: bioplin, premog in lesna biomasa. V okviru diplomskega dela smo za podjetje Nafta-Petrochem d.o.o izvedli študijo proizvodnje sinteznega plina iz zgoraj omenjenih alternativnih surovin, čeprav je med vsemi še vedno najbolj razširjena proizvodnja sinteznega plina iz zemeljskega plina. Kontinuirano proizvodnjo plina smo simulirali s komercialno dosegljivim računalniškim paketom Aspen Plus. Tako smo primerjali sestavo sinteznega plina, proizvedenega iz različnih surovin ter ustrezne energetske tokove. Za primerjavo smo uporabili tudi sestavo sinteznega plina, proizvedenega iz zemeljskega plina. V nadaljevanju smo s termodinamsko metodo uščipa znižali porabo pogonskih sredstev v osnovnem procesu in ostalih preučevanih variantah. Uporaba metode v realnih industrijskih primerih zahteva različne modifikacije. S tem smo se želeli čim bolj približati dejanskemu stanju v proizvodnji in dobiti uporabne rezultate, ki bi podjetju omogočili prilagoditev obstoječe proizvodnje načelom trajnostnega razvoja. Za izvedbo metode energetske integracije smo uporabili program Supet Target.Today\u27s industrial development and economic growth are based on the intensive use of energy, which is produced mainly from non-renewable resources, especially fossil fuels. Studies show that in the coming decades, fossil fuels (although the absolute increase in the exploitation of renewable energy sources) will play the most important role in energy supply. The company Nafta-Petrochem Ltd. has been manufacturing synthesis gas from natural gas, which purchase price is quite high. For this reason, and also because its long-term supply is questionable, they want to replace it with other raw materials, such as bio-gas, coal and biomass. In the thesis we have carried out for the company Nafta-Petrochem Ltd. a study for the production of synthesis gas from alternative raw materials mentioned above, although it is still among the most widespread production of synthesis gas from natural gas. Continuous gas production was simulated with commercially available computer package Aspen Plus. Thus, we compared the composition of synthesis gas produced from different raw materials and the corresponding energy flows. For comparison we used the composition of synthesis gas produced from natural gas. In the continuation the energy consumption in the base case and other studied alternatives has been reduced using thermodynamic pinch method. Using the method in real industrial cases requires different modifications. We wanted to approach as close as possible to the realities of production and obtain useful results, enabling the company to adapt existing production principle of sustainable development. To implement the method, the Supet Target computer program was used