E-BUSINESS IN MICRO ENTERPRISES

Tradicionalno poslovanje se počasi poslavlja, zamenjali so ga novi sodobni načini, ki so znatno hitrejši in učinkovitejši, dopuščajo manj napak in omogočajo večji pregled nad delovanjem in poslovanjem podjetja. Konkurenca ima močan vpliv na uspeh podjetij, ki morajo za svoj obstanek in razvoj uporabiti vsa možna orodja, s katerimi lahko izboljšajo ter poenostavijo poslovanje in pridobijo nove stranke. Elektronsko poslovanje je velik korak na tej poti k dosegu cilja. Naloga je sestavljena iz dveh delov, v prvem teoretičnem smo za potrebe magistrske naloge proučili splošne definicije elektronskega poslovanja, poudarek je na oblikah e-poslovanja, ki opredeljuje sodelovanje med podjetji, s potrošniki, med potrošniki in javno upravo. Način poslovanja z uporabo elektronske tehnologije je postal neizogiben v poslovnem svetu, kar je posledično prineslo tudi različne vrste in modele elektronskega poslovanja. Med načini e-poslovanja zaradi obsežne uporabe najbolj izstopajo e-trgovina, e-bančništvo, e-proizvajalci, e-dražbe, virtualne skupnosti in e-izobraževanje, ki je nova oblika e-poslovanja. Na hiter razvoj e-poslovanja vpliva tudi ustrezna zakonodaja, ki ščiti in upoštevala interese proizvajalcev, prodajalcev in kupcev. V nadaljevanju naloge spoznamo mikro podjetja, prednosti in slabosti ter njihov položaj v Sloveniji. Mikro podjetja v poslovnem svetu zavzemajo velik delež vseh podjetij v Sloveniji. Zelo hitro se prilagodijo razmeram na trgu, ampak določene novosti v ustaljenem poslovanju nimajo vedno pozitivnega začetnega odziva. Teoretični del naloge smo zaključili s pomenom elektronskega poslovanja na mikro podjetje in določili tiste poslovne modele e-poslovanja, s katerimi bi se podjetja znala prilagoditi strankam in njihovim željam z možnostjo efektivnega poslovanja. V drugem, empiričnem delu smo izvedli raziskavo v obliki anketnega vprašalnika, ki je bil preko elektronske pošte posredovan izključno mikro podjetnikom. Odgovorilo nam je 110 podjetnikov, ki je opredelilo svoje mnenje o uporabi elektronskega poslovanja in nas pripeljalo do zanimivih sklepnih ugotovitev. Osrednji del empiričnega dela je vključeval analizo podatkov, s pomočjo katere smo potrdili oziroma ovrgli določene teze: mikro podjetja glede na pridobljene rezultate dobro poznajo elektronsko poslovanja, sodelujejo z drugimi podjetji in javno upravo, elektronsko bančništvo je nepogrešljiva aktivnost, komunikacije brez e-poslovanja si večina podjetnikov niti ne predstavlja več. Podjetniki se zavedajo pomembnosti vključevanja trendov in nadgradnje lastnega poslovanja, ki jim omogoča nemoteno sodelovanje s poslovnimi partnerji in ohranitev prednosti pred konkurenco. V zaključku empiričnega dela smo predstavili tri izbrana mikro podjetja in njihov pogled na e-poslovanje. V zadnje poglavju naloge predstavljamo še možnosti razvoja elektronskega poslovanja. Investicije v elektronsko poslovanje prinesejo izboljšanje, ampak le v primeru celovite obravnave posameznih aktivnosti. Sama uveljavitev e-poslovanja nam ne bo dala pričakovanih učinkov, v kolikor zaposleni ne bodo usposobljeni in seznanjeni z delom in funkcijami inštrumentov takšnega poslovanja. Nekaj besed je namenjenih tudi smiselnosti uporabe licenčne in odprtokodne programske opreme z ugotovitvijo, da se mora podjetje glede na potrebe in zmožnosti odločiti, kakšno programsko opremo bo uporabljalo, da jim bo le ta nudila popolno izrabo kapacitet in da bo prilagojena njihovim aktivnostim. Nalogo zaključimo s sklepno mislijo v poglavju 8.Traditional business is slowly being replaced by a new and modern significantly faster, and more efficient ways of doing business, allowing fewer errors and providing users with greater oversight of the company. Competition has a strong impact on the success of companies. In order to sustain and develop, companies have to use all the tools which can help them to significantly improve or/and simplify operations and gain new customers. Electronic business is a big step in this direction. The paper consist of a two parts: in the first part we examine the theoretical thesis of e- business, with an emphasis on forms of electronic business that provides cooperation between businesses, consumers, public administration and even between consumers. The method of operation using electronic technology has become indispensable in the business world and that had led to development of a different types of e-business in many areas. Among those, due to the extinctive use, stands out the most: e- business, e-banking, e- manufacturers, e- auctions, and virtual communities and e-learning, which is a new form of e- business. legislation that protects and respects the interest of manufacturers, sellers and buyers had a great influence on the rapid development of e-business. Purpose of this research is to understand the use of electronic business in micro enterprises, therefore in the following parts of this project we introduce the micro enterprises, describe their strengths and weaknesses and also their position in Slovenian economy. Micro enterprises in the business world account for a large share, but innovations in business do not always have a positive initial response. We have completed the theoretical part with significance of e- business in micro enterprises and identifying those business models in e- business with which businesses would know how to adjust to the customer and their needs, by providing an effective business. Second, the empirical part of the project, explains the research in the questionnaire form, which was sent to micro enterprises only via e-mail. 110 entrepreneurs answered and filled out the questionnaire giving their opinion on the use of e-business and have led us to some interesting conclusions. The main part of the empirical work has included analysis of the data, which has helped us to either confirm of refuse certain thesis set at the beginning. Micro enterprises are well aware of positive effects of e-business, according to results gained from our questionnaire. They are involving e- business with public administration and other manufacturers and the e-banking is becoming essential part of doing business. E-mail and other forms of an electronic communicating has become a necessity. Entrepreneurs understand the importance of integration trends and upgrading their own business, which allows them to smoothly collaborate with businesses and other partners and maintain a competitive advantage. In conclusion of the empirical work we have presented three selected micro enterprises and their perception of e-business. In the last section of our project we present possibilities and development of e-business. Investments in electronic business bring improvement, but only in the event of a total treatment of individual activities. The entry into accepting e-business will not deliver the expected results and effects, if the employees are not well trained. They must become familiar with the new way of working and also with instruments of such operations. There are also some words devoted to the use of licensed and the open source software, with findings that the company needs to determine which of this software will provide them with full utilization of capacities and adapt their activities. In chapter 8 we draw the conclusion of the master thesis