INVESTIGATION AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF DOPING IN ROAD CYCLING

Doping se v kolesarstvu pojavlja že od samih začetkov kolesarskih tekmovanj. Uvedba prepovedi uporabe določenih substanc ter metod je bila zato nujno potrebna za ohranitev smisla športa ter za zagotavljanje poštenih tekmovanj. Tekmovalci tako kot nekoč, tudi danes iščejo prepovedane ter nemoralne poti do uspeha, kar povzroča stalna zaostrovanje proti dopinške politike, ki jo vodi WADA. Skozi diplomsko delo ugotovimo, da je boj proti dopingu dosegel izjemen uspeh v zmanjševanju deleža tekmovalcev, ki posegajo po uporabi prepovedanih substanc ali metod. Kljub temu pa je opazno, da je boj proti dopingu v takšni obliki kot je, morda že izkoristil svoj potencial, saj se je trend zmanjševanja odstotka pozitivnih testov ustavil, ter se v zadnjih letih giblje med 1,5% do 2%. Številna zaostrovanja ter višina zagroženih kazni na omenjeni odstotek ne vplivajo več. Rezultati krajše ankete, izvedene med profesionalnimi kolesarji so pokazali, da so le-ti precej dobro ozaveščeni o vsebini liste prepovedanih substanc, čeprav bi lahko bilo njihovo znanje tudi boljše, saj mora precej kolesarjev večkrat pogledati ali je določena stvar na omenjeni listi ali ne. Enako bi lahko dejali tudi za poznavanje pravic med proti dopinško kontrolo. Število kolesarjev, ki pozna le bistvene stvari, je namreč nekoliko večje, kot bi sprva pričakovali. V prihodnosti se bo boj proti dopingu zagotovo še zaostroval, dodatne skrbi pa povzročajo nove oblike dopinga, kot je denimo genski doping, proti kateremu trenutno še ni rešitve.From it\u27s beginnings, doping has been a part of road cycling. The prohibition of some controversial substances and methods was inevitable. Ever since then, antidoping organizations have played a big role at keeping sports competitions fair and healthy. Huge developments of medicine and pharmacy has bring antidoping organizations to some radical changes in their policies. Through this study, we become familiar with a great success, which WADA achieved since it\u27s establishment. We are talking about huge decrease at percentage of doped athletes. Though, through the last decade, this trend has stopped and the percentage of positive test is from 1,5% to 2%. It seems that all the antidoping efforts and increased penalties are not the factor, which would discourage athlets from using doping anymore. A part of this study is also a short survey about antidoping, which was conducted among 22 professional cyclists. The results were not surprising. It turned out, that professional cyclists are quite well familiar with antidoping list, even though that many of them are often checking the list. A situation is quite similiar regarding the knowledge about their rights at antidoping procedures. Many cyclists marked their knowledge about their right as basic. We would expect a bit more convincing answers, since some faults during this procedures can jeopardize their career. In future, we can expect more radical changes in antidoping policy, especially if we know that there are some new forms of doping, which are almost impossible to discover