TERRORISM BEFORE AND AFTER THE FALL OF THE BERLIN WALL

Za terorizem je značilno, da za dosego svojih ciljev uporablja nasilje, bodisi na civilnih ali na vojaških ciljih. Terorizem pred padcem berlinskega zidu ima zelo dolgo zgodovino, saj sega več kot 2000 let nazaj, od padca zidu pa je minilo komaj dobrih 20 let, vendar so v teh 20 letih teroristična dejanja pretresla svet veliko bolj kot pred tem. Najbrž je tako tudi zaradi številnih smrtnih žrtev, precej pa tudi zaradi medijske odmevnosti. V obdobju do padca zidu se je terorizem dogajal v glavnem na lokalnem nivoju. Teroristi so vedno delovali zgolj proti enemu nasprotniku, kar je na primer značilno za Izrael in Palestino. Palestinski teroristi so se z redkimi izjemami vedno borili le proti Izraelcem in tistemu, kar predstavlja Izrael. Tudi zunaj Izraela so napadali izraelske ambasade. Podobno velja tudi za druge teroristične skupine in razna osvobodilna gibanja, ki so bili označeni za teroristične organizacije. Pri osvobodilnih gibanjih je zanimivo, da so jih podpirale ameriške in sovjetske tajne službe, da bi tako preprečile širjenje nasprotne ideologije. Tako sta velesili upravljali številne teroristične skupine. Po padcu zidu pa je na mednarodno prizorišče stopila nova vrsta terorizma, ki ne želi nadzora velikih sil – islamski terorizem. Tem teroristom je pomembno samo rušenje ameriškega oziroma zahodnega družbenega reda, medtem ko naj bi bil primarni cilj terorističnega boja ustanovitev vseislamske države. Napadi se izvajajo večinoma s samomorilskimi napadi. Ta terorizem je izredno nepredvidljiv in lahko udari kjer koli in kadar koli.A typical characteristic for terrorism is that it uses violence to fulfill their goals whether it is for their civil or military objectives. Terrorism has had a long history even before the fall of Berlin Wall. It has dated over 2000 years ago, however terrorist acts the last 20 years since the fall of Berlin Wall have shocked the world much more than in all of its previous history. This is probably due to numerous death casualties and its media popularity. Until the fall of Berlin Wall, terrorism was a local activity, terrorist were acting against one opponent only, which still applies to Israel and Palestine today – Palestinian terrorists have always fought only against Israelis and Israel. Even when they were abroad, they only attacked Israeli embassies. The same applies to other terrorist groups and liberation armies, which have been since regarded as terrorist organizations. The interesting fact about liberation armies is that they used to have the support of the American and Soviet secret services which was meant to prevent the spread of opposite ideology. Thus, the two superpowers controlled numerous terrorist groups. After the fall of Berlin Wall a new type of terrorism started to spread. This type of terrorism, today known as Islamic terrorism, does not want to be controlled by the superpowers. All they want is to destroy the American (Western) social order and to establish an all-Islamic country. Their attacks usually involve suicidal actions. This kind of terrorism is extremely unpredictable and can strike anywhere and at anytime