PROBLEMS OF INVESTIGATION AND DETECTION OF TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS

Tematika trgovine z ljudmi je še vedno tabu tema, ker je povezana s stereotipi, da se to dogaja samo tujcem po svetu, ne pa tudi pri nas na evropskem prostoru. Tako govorimo o svetovnem družbenem problemu, ki v svoje mreže sicer najpogosteje ulovi ljudi iz držav v razvoju in kriznih življenjskih razmer, zato je ta del sive ekonomije najlažje povezati s kriminalom in zanemariti bistvene dejavnike družbe, ki so za trgovanje z ljudmi najbolj odgovorni. V razvitih državah Evrope ta problem narašča že od poznih 80. let, Južni Balkan pa je postal regija izvora, tranzita in cilja za trgovanje predvsem sredi 90. let po razpadu skupne države. Tako Slovenija tudi ni več obljubljena dežela za priseljence, ampak jih kruta realnost hitro ohladi, za kar so odgovorne predvsem organizirane kriminalne skupine, ki v tem poslu trgovanja vidijo možnost hitrih in ogromnih zaslužkov. S tem so žrtvam sistematično kršene ena ali več osnovnih človekovih pravic ali temeljnih svoboščin hkrati. Za kaznivo dejanje trgovine z ljudmi je poleg drugih elementov bistveni element omejevanja svobode s prisilo, silo, izkoriščanjem žrtvine stiske in ustvarjanje dobička. S kazenskopravnega vidika je težko dokazljiva, saj se elementi najpogosteje prepletajo s kaznivim dejanjem prostitucije ali drugimi dejanji, ki jih je lažje dokazati. Žrtve pa je težko odkrivati tudi zato, ker se spreminja sam koncept trgovine z ljudmi, smo pa organi odkrivanja in pregona dolžni ukrepati z vso odločnostjo, znanjem in organiziranostjo, ki jo zmoremo in s stremenjem k večjemu številu obsodilnih sodb. Izrednega pomena v preprečevanju trgovine z ljudmi je nadgrajevanje znanj in usposabljanj znotraj države institucij, ki se pri svojem delu soočajo s to problematiko. Prav tako pa je odločilen dejavnik pri učinkovitih ukrepih v boju proti trgovini z ljudmi predvsem dobro načrtovano in dosledno obveščanje širše javnosti, ozaveščanje in izobraževanje oseb, ki bi lahko postale žrtve trgovine z ljudmi.The topic of Trafficking in human beings is still a taboo subject, because it’s associated with the stereotype that this is happens only to foreigners in the world, but not here in Europe. Those we speak of a global social problem, which in his mesh, usually catches people from developing countries and the crisis of living conditions, so this part of the informal economy easily connect to the crime and ignore the essential factors in the company to trade with people most responsible. In developed countries, Europe has been rising since the late 80’s, the South Balkans became the region of origin, transit and destination for trafficking in particular mid-90th years after the disintegration of the country. So, Slovenia is no longer a promised land for immigrants, but the cruel reality of the rapid cooling, which is the responsibility primarily of organized criminal groups in the business of trade offering the possibility of quick and huge benefits. This has systematically violated the victims of one or more of the basic human rights and fundamental freedoms at the same time. For the offense Trafficking in human beings among other elements, an essential element of restriction of freedom with coercion, force, exploitation of the victim\u27s distress and making a profit. The criminal aspect is difficult to prove because the items are often intertwined with the crime of prostitution or other acts which are easier to prove. The victims are difficult to detect because it changes the very concept of human trafficking, we are the law enforcement authorities are obliged to act with determination, skill and organization that you can do and to pursue the large number of convictions. Paramount importance in the prevention of human trafficking is the upgrading of skills and training institutions within the country, who work in facing this challenge. Also there is a critical factor in effective measures to combat trafficking in persons especially well-planned and consistent public information, awareness and education of persons who may become victims of trafficking