MISSING PERSONS AS A SOCIAL AND CRIMINALISTIC PROBLEM, CAUSES AND MANIFESTATIONS

Tema pogrešanih oseb je v kriminalistiki še vedno podcenjena. Premalo pozornosti ji namenjajo kriminalistične in tudi druge strokovne službe, ki bi lahko z bolj načrtovanim delom marsikatero izginotje oseb pojasnile v krajšem času. Za uspešno kriminalistično preiskovanje in reševanje problematike pogrešanih oseb je treba razvijati in izvajati raziskovalno dejavnost. Pridobiti je treba več celovitejših podatkov o etiologiji in fenomenologiji pogrešanih oseb ter ob pomoči analize konkretnih primerov izdelati podrobno metodiko preiskovanja primerov pogrešanih oseb. Cilj in namen magistrskega dela sta preveriti oziroma izmeriti in ugotoviti uporabne podatke o pogrešanih osebah in podatke o številu pogrešanj. Prav tako je cilj primerjati različne podatke ali spremenljivke v zvezi s pogrešanimi osebami na območju Policijske uprave Ljubljana v letu 2011. Namen dela je tudi vpogledati v etiologijo kot fenomenologijo pogrešanih oseb oziroma preučiti, kateri so tisti dejavniki, ki determinirajo pogrešano osebo. Na koncu naloge so predvideni ukrepi in aktivnosti, ki bi omogočali uspešnejše preiskovanje pogrešanj oseb. Opravljena je bila primerjava podatkov s tujino, pri čemer so bila ugotovljena razhajanja med nekaterimi državami, kar pa bi lahko bila tema katere druge naloge. Najpogostejša mita o pogrešanih osebah sta mit o potrebi po 24- ali 48-urnem čakanju na prijavo pogrešanja ter mit o pogrešanih, ki se večinoma sami vrnejo domov. Z raziskavo je bilo ugotovljeno, da je v 24 urah prijavljenih več kot 80 odstotkov pogrešanj oseb in nekje v enakem času jih je več kot 80 odstotkov tudi najdenih. To je predvsem posledica dela policije in tistih domačih ter drugih ljudi, ki jih iščejo. Oba mita sta bila prepričljivo ovržena.The subject of missing persons remains undervalued in criminology. Not enough attention is being paid to this subject by criminal investigation departments and other expert services, that could with better planning solve many missing persons cases in a shorter period of time. In order to increase efficiency of criminal investigation of missing persons cases, appropriate research activity should be conducted and developed. Once more comprehensive data regarding etiology and fenomenology of missing persons is gathered and analysis of actual cases is complete, a detailed investigation methodics of such cases should be compiled. Goal and purpose of this Master thesis is to evaluate, measure and to determine real data regarding missing persons and data on number of such cases. My goal is also to compare different data and variables regarding missing persons cases in the area of Police directorat Ljubljana within the year 2011. Another purpose of the thesis is to inspect etiology and fenomenology of missing persons to find the factors that determine a missing person. At the end of this thesis you will find proposed measures and activities that could enable improved investigation of missing persons cases. Within this Master thesis an international comparison of data was conducted that exposed significant divergence between some countries, but that could become a subject of some other research work. The two most frequent myths, when it comes to missing persons, are the myth of required 24 or 48-hour waiting period before reporting the missing person case to the police, and the other myth is that most of the missing persons return home by themselves. The research showed that over 80 percent of missing persons cases are reported within the 24-hour period and about in the same time more than 80 percent of reported missing persons are discovered. Credit to this goes mostly to police activity and to family and other people involved in search of missing persons. Both myths have been ruled out convincingly