SYSTEM OF CONCLUDING COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS IN REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA

Kolektivne pogodbe so zelo učinkovito sredstvo za urejanje delovnih pogojev ter razmerij med socialnimi partnerji. Sistem sklepanja kolektivnih pogodb je svoboden in prostovoljen, kar je tudi na splošno, eno izmed temeljnih načel kolektivnih pogodb. Postopek sklepanja kolektivnih pogodb zajema opredelitev strank kolektivnih pogajanj, proces pogajanja, ter registracijo in objavo sporazumno sklenjene kolektivne pogodbe. Na teh temeljnih načelih pa sloni tudi naš Zakon o kolektivnih pogodbah, kateri ne predpisuje obveznega sklepanja kolektivnih pogodb niti ne predpisuje obvezne sestavine. Kar pomeni, da obstaja avtonomija pogodbenih strank, katere lahko svobodno urejajo medsebojna delovnopravna razmerja. Vendar pa obstaja tudi omejitev avtonomije kolektivnih pogajanj, ampak to le v primeru, če bi šlo za omejevanje zaradi zagotavljanja ali varstva pravic drugih. Tako omejitev pa lahko določi le Ustava ali zakon. Na nacionalno pravno ureditev avtonomije kolektivnega pogajanja vpliva tudi pravo EU, kar je razvidno iz novejše prakse Sodišča Evropske Unije, predvsem v zadevah ki se nanašajo na uporabo pravil EU o konkurenci, prostem pretoku oseb, opravljanju storitev in s področja socialne politike. Tu gre za sodno prakso v relevantnih zadevah Laval in Viking, iz katerih izhaja stališče, da iz prava EU ne bi smelo izhajati strožje ali pa dodatne omejitve, kot pa pravico do kolektivnega pogajanja jamčijo tradicije in nacionalne zakonodaje držav članic.Collective agreements are a very effective tool for regulating the working conditions and relationships between the social partners. The system of collective bargaining is free and voluntary, which is generally one of the fundamental principles of collective bargaining. The process of concluding collective agreements of the parties covered by the definition of collective bargaining, the negotiation process, and registration and publication of collective agreements concluded by mutual agreement. Based on this principle underpinning our Collective Agreements Act, which do not prescribes mandatory concluding of collective agreements, nor do they prescribe the mandatory components. Which means that there is the autonomy of the parties, that may be free to regulate the mutual labour relations. However, there are also limits the autonomy of collective bargaining, but only if it is to restrict the provision or protection of the rights of others. Such limits can be determined only by the Constitution or law. At the national legal arrangements of collective bargaining autonomy is also influenced by EU law, as demonstrated by the recent European Court of Justice, particularly in matters relating to the application of EU rules on competition, free movement of persons, the provision of services and social policy. Here is the relevant case law in the Laval and Viking, giving rise to the view that EU law should not come more stringent or additional restrictions, such as the right to collective bargaining guaranteed by tradition and national laws of Member States