Dialect expressions relating to the custom of grass cutting in the Zreče speech

V diplomskem delu z naslovom Narečno izrazje običaja košnje trave v zreškem govoru sem na podlagi starega, že skoraj pozabljenega običaja, natančneje predstavila besedje, s katerim sem se srečala pri prikazu običaja košnje trave na star način v Zrečah. S folklorno skupino smo se lansko poletje odločili, da ta običaj oživimo in ga predstavimo širši množici. Običaj je potekal v zreškem narečju, ki je marsikomu težje razumljivo. V začetnem delu sem najprej predstavila geografske, zgodovinske, gospodarske in kulturne značilnosti mesta Zreče. Temu sledi predstavitev običaja košnje v Zrečah, kot zanimivost pa sem prikazala še različne izvedbe tega običaja po Sloveniji, saj sem ugotovila, da je imel skoraj vsak kraj svoj običaj. V osrednjem delu sem se ukvarjala z zreškim govorom, kjer sem prikazala glasoslovne značilnosti tega govora, ki ga slovenska dialektologija uvršča v južnopohorski govor. Poglaviten del diplomskega dela predstavlja zbiranje narečnega izrazja, ki je zapisano v fonetični obliki in je s pomočjo strokovne literature natančno dodelano. Narečno gradivo sem večinoma pridobila na podlagi vprašalnice za Slovenski lingvistični atlas, ki jo je pripravila Francka Benedik, del gradiva pa s pomočjo posnetka običaja. Zbrano izrazje zajema predvsem stare besede, ki počasi izginjajo in jih pozna le še starejša populacija. Pri analizi posnetka pa sem ugotovila, da pri nekaterih narečnih besedah prihaja do razhajanj, saj so pri običaju nastopale različne starostne generacije in pri mlajših je že opazen vpliv knjižnega jezika. Besede v slovarčku so razvrščene po abecednem redu in razdeljene na tri sklope: Opravilo, Hrana in Oblačila. Knjižni ali poknjiženi različici sledi zapis besede v fonetični obliki z ustreznimi slovničnimi kvalifikatorji, tej pa pomenska razlaga. Analizirala sem tudi izvor besed in ugotovila, da jih je večina slovanskega izvora. Med prevzetimi besedami izstopajo germanske, najverjetneje zaradi močnega vdora germanizmov v času svetovnih vojn. Prevzetih nemških besed je v slovarju kar 90 %, nekaj malega pa se pojavlja tudi romanizmov. Živimo v času strojev in vedno večje mehanizacije. Ta ne pomeni zgolj nekega udobja, pač pa je v večini že nujno potrebna, saj so ljudje, zaradi celodnevnih služb in vedno več obveznosti, čedalje bolj obremenjeni in omejeni s časom. Nimajo časa za obujanje starih običajev, zato ti izginjajo. S tem pa na žalost izginjajo tudi narečni izrazi v povezavi z običaji, ki se jih spomni samo še peščica. Pomembno je, da posredujemo naše vedenje mlajšim, saj se bo le tako ohranila naša kulturna dediščina.In my diploma work Dialect expressions relating to the custom of grass cutting in the Zreče speech. I have, on the basis of an old and almost forgotten custom, presented terminology with which I came accross during the demonstration of the custom of grass cutting in Zreče. With the folklore group we decided to bring this custom back to life and present it to a wider audience. The custom took place in the Zreče dialect which is, to a lot of people, difficult to understand. In the introduction I presented geographical, historical, economical and cultural characteristics of Zreče. This is followed by the presentation of the custom of grass cutting in Zreče, as a curiosity I also presented other variations of this custom accross Slovenia, I have since found that every village had its own custom. In the central part I dealt with the Zreče dialect, where I have shown phonetical characteristics of this speech, which is, by the Slovenian dialectology, classified as a south Pohorje speech. The main part of my diploma work represents the collection of dialectual terminology, which is written in phonetic form and is with the help of professional literature accurately processed. The bulk of the dialect material was obtained through the questionnaires for the Slovenian linguistic atlas, which was prepared by Francka Benedikt and a part of the material with the help of the video recording of the custom. The collected terminology are mainly old words, which are slowly disappearing and are familiar only to the older population. During the analysis of the video I came to the conclusion, that there are some discrepancies with some terms, this is so because different generations of people participated in the custom and with the younger population the influence of literary language is already present. The words in the vocabulary are sorted in alphabetical order and are divided into three groups: Task, Food and Clothes. The literary version is followed by a transcript of the word in phonetical form with appropriate grammatical qualifiers. It is followed by a semantic interpretation. I have also analyzed the origins of words and came to the conclusion, that the majority of the words are of Slavic origin. Among the words that were taken over, Germanic words stand out, most likely due to a profound invasion of Germanic words during both world wars. Among all words that were taken over, German words represent 80 %, there are also some Romanic words. We live in a time of machines and ever increasing mechanization. This does not mean just comfort, but is a neccesity, as people, due to long working days and increasing obligations, are more burdened and without time. Therefore there is no time to revive old customs, so they are disappearing. Sadly with the disappearing of customs, the terminology is also disappearing, and only a handfull of people still remember it. It is important to pass our knowledge to the younger population, because that is the only way to preserve our cultural heritage