MODERN DESIGNING OF DISTRICT HEATING IN THE SMALL CITIES

Diplomsko delo izhaja iz predstavitve osnov daljinskega ogrevanja. V osnovi so obdelani vsi sistemi in elementi daljinskega ogrevanja (tipi cevi, črpalke, omejitve glede reliefa, toplotne podpostaje). Vsak sistem daljinskega ogrevanja je edinstven, saj je odvisen od značilnosti mestne sredine oziroma okolice, kjer poteka. Neekonomičnost lokalnih in širših sistemov za proizvodnjo toplote pa je pripeljala do razmišljanja o iskanju novih racionalnejših načinov izkoriščanja proizvedene toplote od proizvajalca do porabnika. Poleg drugih ukrepov za povečanje skupnega izkoristka ogrevalnega sistema pa se poudarja tudi dejstvo, da se s pridobivanjem toplote ene same kurilne naprave za večje število porabnikov doseže veliko boljši učinek. Zaradi tega sta se pojavila uporaba centralne proizvodnje toplote in prenos toplote od proizvajalca do porabnika s pomočjo daljinskega ogrevanja kar je tudi v celoti izdelano za občino Berane v Črni Gori. Ocenjene so priključne moči objektov za potrebe ogrevanja in pripravo sanitarne tople vode. Podana je celotna idejna zasnova vročevodnega omrežja z dimenzioniranjem premerov cevovodov, potrebnih lir. Opravljeni so vsi potrebni kontrolni izračuni in sicer od dimenzioniranja cevovodov, tlačnih padcev cevovodov, izračunov dilatacij ter vse do toplotnih izgub na izolacijah. Opisana je tudi vgradnja in montaža cevi ter na koncu potreben tlačnim preizkus.The diploma thesis is clear from the presentation of the basics of district heating. Basically, they are treated in all the systems and heating elements (types of pipes, pumps, restrictions on the terrain, heat substation). Each district heating system is unique, as it depends on the characteristics of the city center and surrounding area, which takes place. Diseconomies of local and wider systems for heat production has led to thinking about finding a new streamlined ways of exploiting the heat produced from producer to consumer. In addition to other measures for increasing the overall efficiency of the heating system, it also underscores the fact that recovering the heat of a single combustion apparatus for large number of users reaching a much better effect. Because of this, the phenomenon of central heat and heat transfer from producer to consumer, with the help of district heating which is also fully prepared for the city of Berane Montenegro. Are assessed connecting power plants for heating and hot water. Given the overall conceptual design of the heating network pipelines with diameters sizing required lire. Completion of all necessary control calculations, the sizing of pipelines, pipeline pressure drops, the calculation of dilatation and heat loss in insulation. Describes the installation and assembly of pipes and pressure required at the end of the experiment