SPIKE ANALYSIS IN MIXTURE OF WHEAT AND RYE

V današnji kmetijski praksi, po desetletjih intenzifikacije, je združena setev novost in pomeni inovativen pristop k pridelavi poljščin. Med slovenske tradicionalne sisteme združenih setev sodi tudi mešani posevek pšenice in rži, imenovan soržica. Poskus je bil izveden leta 2006/07 na Univerzitetnem kmetijskem centru (UKC) Pohorski dvor. Cilj diplomskega dela je bil raziskati medsebojni vpliv dveh žit, zastopanih v soržici, na parametre klasa: dolžina klasa, število klaskov, število zrn in maso zrn. Analizirani klasi so bili pridobljeni iz poljskega poskusa, kjer sta bili pšenica (sorte \u27Soissons\u27, \u27Justus\u27, \u27Edison\u27 in \u27Pegasus\u27) in rž (sorta \u27Walet\u27) posejani v različnih utežnih razmerjih. Ta utežna razmerja so bila umetno zmešana in posejana v prvem letu trajanja poskusa, nato se je pridelek ponovno sejal, vendar so se dejanska utežna razmerja spremenila, zaradi večje konkurenčne sposobnosti rži. Klasi za analizo so bili pobrani v drugem letu trajanja poskusa. Iz rezultatov lahko sklepamo, da rž kot komponenta v združeni setvi ima negativen vpliv na parametre klasa pri pšenici. Ker pri prvotnem 50 % in 25 % deležu posejane pšenice, le –te ni več zaslediti, lahko sklepamo, da je rž bolj konkurenčna, pri čemer ji pomaga njen alelopatski značaj in s tem izpodrine pšenico. V posevkih soržice imajo uporabljene sorte pšenice različno konkurenčno sposobnost, tako je najkonkurenčnejša sorta \u27Soissons\u27. V odvisnosti od sorte ima pšenica kot komponenta v združeni setvi pozitiven in negativen vpliv na parametre klasa rži. Sorta \u27Soissons\u27 značilno negativno, in sorta \u27Justus\u27 značilno pozitivno vplivata na parametre klasa rži.After decades of intensification, intercropping is a novelty in modern agricultural practice. This means an innovative approach in field crop production. Traditional Slovene system of intercropping includes mixing crops of wheat and rye into crop called meslin (sl. soržica). The experiment was carried out in 2006/2007 in University agricultural center Pohorski dvor. The main goal of the thesis is the research of the reciprocal influence of the two crops in meslin by the parameters of the spike: the length, the number of spikelet, the number of grains and the mass of the grains. The analysed spikes are from the experiment field, where the wheat (varieties: \u27Soissons\u27, \u27Justus\u27, \u27Edison\u27 and \u27Pegasus\u27) and the rye (variety \u27Walet\u27) were sown in various ratios. The species were artificially combined and sown during the first year of the experiment in 2006/2007. Then the crop was sown again, but the ratios were changed due to the competitive abilities of the rye. The spikes for the analysis were collected from the second year of experiment. In meslin where wheat was previously sown in ratios of 50 % and 25 %, the species was no longer traceabletherefore, we can conclude that the rye is more competitive due to its alleopathy nature. In the new meslin crop different varieties of wheat have different competitive abilities. The most competitive variety is the \u27Soissons\u27. From the results we can conclude that the rye has negative effects on the parameters of wheat spike. Depending on the wheat variety in intercropping, different varieties has either positive or negative effects on the parameters of the rye spike. The variety \u27Soissons\u27 has a significantly negative influence and variety \u27Justus\u27 significantly positive effect on the parameters of the rye spike