The physics behind passive house concept in Slovenian climate sample

V Evropi za ogrevanje zgradb porabimo 40 % celotne pridobljene energije. Prebivalci razvitih držav se zavedajo, da je potrebno z učinkovito rabo energije ta odstotek znižati. V ta namen se razvijajo številni novi pristopi gradnje in eden izmed njih je pasivna hiša. V Sloveniji bodo pasivne hiše pridobile pravi pomen oz. razsežnost šele v prihodnosti. Bistvena razlika med klasično in pasivno gradnjo je v zmanjševanju energije, ki jo dosežemo s kontroliranim prezračevanjem, z debelejšo izolacijo in s sodobnimi troslojnimi okni. Izvedbena dela morajo biti vestno opravljena, tako da se toplotni mostovi zmanjšajo na minimum, zelo pa je pomembna tudi lega objekta s primernim senčenjem. Z dobro izoliranim objektom si želimo zmanjšati stroške ogrevanja in tako postati manj odvisni od cen energije na svetovnem trgu, pri tem smo posledično z nižjimi emisijami plina CO2 bolj prijazni do narave. Z energetsko bolj učinkovito izolacijo postaja objekt vedno bolj izoliran od okolice, pri čemer nam je na eni strani pomemben faktor varčevanja energije, na drugi pa udobje. Idealno varčen objekt ima zelo debelo toplotno izolacijo brez toplotnih mostov ter nima vgrajenih oken in vrat. Udobje se razume kot kar se da odprt objekt, v katerem je zrak prijetno topel, vlažen in svež s primerno koncentracijo plinov. Pasivna hiša je kompromis med idealno varčnim objektom in udobjem. Dotaknemo se tudi problema prekomernega pregrevanja, kateri je rešljiv s statičnim in dinamičnim senčenjem. Naš cilj je analizirati vpliv klimatskega vzorca na energijsko bilanco pasivne hiše in ugotoviti morebitne spremembe pristopov pri gradnji pasivnih hiš na Slovenskem.40 % of all acquired energy in Europe is spent on heating of the buildings. Developed countries are aware that this percentage is too high and that it should be lowered. For that purpose there were developed new ways of building, one of them a so-called “passive” house. In Slovenia trend of passive houses is just starting to gain on its importance. The crucial difference between classically built and passively built houses is in decreased energy-loss, which we achieve with controlled ventilation, thicker insulation, and with modern three-layered windows. Construction work must be done properly so that the thermal-bridges are reduced to a minimum, location site and proper shielding is also one of more important things that should be taken in consideration. With good insulation we wish to reduce costs of heating and be less dependent of energy prices of the world market and at the same time we diminish CO2 emission which is good for the environment. With more efficient insulation building becomes more separated from environment influences, which results in saving energy and more comfortable living environment. Ideal building with extremely low energy losses has very thick insulation with no thermal bridges but also lacks windows and doors. Comfortable buildings are understood as very open places with appropriate warm and fresh air with proper gas concentrations. Passive house represents a compromise between the two extremes. With passive house we also address problem of excessive overheating, which we solve with static and dynamic shielding. Our goal is to analyze influence of the climate on energy balance of the passive house and to bring attention to a change in approach in construction of passive houses in Slovenia