WINNERS AND LOSERS OF GLOBALIZATION

Globalizacija se je prvič pojavila v sedemdesetih letih in je ostala aktualna še do danes. Vedno večji vpliv ima na posameznika in družbo. Ima tako svetle kot temne plati in jo lahko definiramo tako politično in ekonomsko kot tudi sociološko in kulturno. Po ekonomski definiciji je mikroekonomski proces, ki ga poganjajo ekonomske sile, zbližujoč ekonomsko oddaljenost med narodi in ekonomsko suverenost prek pospešenih gibanj komercialnih dobrin zunaj državnih in regionalnih meja. Sociološko pa pomeni homogenizacijo kulture (enakost svetovnih standardov), proizvodov, načina življenja, skupnost idej, standardizacijo navad kot posledico tudi razpršitev družbenega nadzora pri upravljanju organizacij. Ali je globalizacija tista, ki vpliva na neenakomerno razdelitev dobrin in vedno večjo revščino je zelo zapleteno vprašanje. Verjetno je ena izmed glavnih akterjev, ni pa edina. Globalizacija vpliva na razslojevanje znotraj držav in med njimi. Temu še ni znan vzrok niti ali do tega res prihaja. Gospodarska recesija je najbolj prizadela zelo razvite države, ni pa prizanesla tudi razvijajočim se državam. Vendar pa bi bilo napačno iskati vzroke za recesijo v globalizaciji. V prihodnosti lahko pričakujemo naraščajočo globalizacijo in ne moremo pričakovati da bo prišlo do njene zaustavitve v bližnji prihodnosti, za časa naše generacije.Globalization first appeared in the seventies and has remained current until today. It has increasing influence on the individuals and society. It has both, bright and dark side and it can be defined as political and economical as well as sociological and cultural occurrence. The economic definition of globalization is the micro-economic process that is driven by economic forces, reducing economic distance between nations and economic sovereignty through accelerated movements of commercial goods across national and regional borders. Sociological view represents globalization as homogenization of culture (equality of global standards), products, lifestyle, community ideas, standards and habits as a result of spreading social control in the management of organizations. Can we say that the globalization has an big influence on unequal distribution of benefits and increasing poverty? That is very difficult question and the answer is very complicated. Probably is globalization one of the principal actors, but it is not the only one. Globalization affects the stratification within and between countries. This cause is not yet known, norwhether this really existing. The economic downturn has hit the most highly developed countries, but has not spared the developing countries. However, it would be wrong to seek causes for recession in globalization. In the future we can expect increasing globalization and cannot be expected to experience a stop of that process in the time of our generation