Transferability analysis of the German Bad Bank Model to Slovenia

Magistrska naloga obravnava področje bančništva oziroma reševanje bančnega sistema z različnimi pristopi s poudarkom na reševanju bančnega sistema s slabo banko. Mnogo svetovnih bančnih sistemov se je po eskalaciji finančne krize znašlo v težavah. Praksa je pokazala, da so zaradi visoke povezanosti bančnega sistema z gospodarstvom in obratno novonastale zaostrene razmere zahtevale ukrepanje držav. Države so se odzvale z različnimi ukrepi opisanimi v drugem delu in tudi kombinacijo ukrepov, med katerimi se je ustanovitev slabe banke in prenos slabih sredstev, v več primerih izkazala za primerno. Predvideva se, da bodo banke očiščene slabih terjatev na ta način revitalizirane in pripravljene prispevati k izhodu iz krize. Dobri primeri iz prakse kažejo, da je bilo reševanje bančnega sistema pred zadnjo finančno krizo uspešno z implementiranjem slabe banke na Švedskem, v zadnjem kriznem obdobju pa v ZDA in Nemčiji. Podoben razvoj dogodkov se je odvijal tudi na Slovenskem, kjer je reševanje bančnega sistema s poroštvi/jamstvi, dokapitalizacijami, nadzorovanimi likvidacijami sicer zajezilo naglo slabšanje položaja bančnega sistema, vendar ga ni preprečilo in odpravilo. Skladno s to ugotovitvijo smo v nalogi v zadnjem delu podrobneje raziskali načine reševanja bančnega sistema s slabo banko. Za najbolj primernega za primerjavo smo ocenili nemški model slabe banke, saj gre pri njem za novejši model, katerega portfelj je tako kot pri slovenskem modelu manj homogen v primerjavi z ostalimi navedenimi modeli. Opravili smo poglobljeno raziskavo prenosljivosti nemškega modela slabe banke na slovenskega z izvedbo primerjalne analize modelov, in sicer z vidika posameznih elementov nemške in slovenske slabe banke, njunih prednosti in pomanjkljivosti ter strukture njunih portfeljev.Research field of master’s degree is banking and rescuing of troubled banking systems based on various approaches with emphasis on bad bank. Many of banking systems were highly affected after worldwide escalation of financial crisis. Due to great interconnection between banking systems and economy state measures were required. Countries have responded with various measures described in the second part, and also with combination of those measures, from which the creation of bad bank and transfer of bad assets proved to be appropriate in many cases. Banks relieved from bad assets are expected to be revitalised and to contribute to overcoming of the crisis respectively. Practice cases have proven successful even before the last financial crisis with successful implementation of bad bank in Sweden, and in USA and Germany also during the last financial crisis. Similar development took place in Slovenia, where substantial deterioration of the state banking system was stemmed with guarantees, recapitalizations and liquidations, but was not prevented and suppressed. Consistent with this finding we have further researched feasible ways of solving the banking system with bad bank. We assessed German bad bank model to be the most appropriate model for comparison, as it is one of newer models with less homogeneous portfolio, like Slovenian model. In-depth research of transferability of German bad bank model to Slovenian model was made by carrying out a comparative analysis of latter, and in terms of individual elements of German and Slovenian bad bank, their strengths and weaknesses, as well as the structures of their portfolios