High blood pressure - the risk of our time

Visok krvni tlak je bolj kot samostojna bolezen, dejavnik tveganja, ki z ostalimi dejavniki tveganja vpliva na nastanek in razvoj srčno – žilnih bolezni in umrljivost. 90% arterijske hipertenzije opredelimo kot primarno ali esencialno, za katero pa ne moremo ugotoviti vzroka za nastanek, kar pa še ne pomeni, da vzroka za povišan krvni tlak ni. 10% arterijske hipertenzije lahko opredelimo kot posledico neke druge bolezni (npr. ledvičnih obolenj). Visok krvni tlak je najpogostejše bolezensko stanje v razvitih družbah. Ljudje se pogosto ne zavedajo, da imajo povišan krvni tlak, saj znaki niso značilni. Diplomsko delo predstavlja in opisuje visok krvni tlak in dejavnike tveganja v povezavi z njim. Sestavljeno je iz dveh delov. V prvem, teoretičnem delu diplomskega dela je predstavljen visok krvni tlak, kot dejavnik tveganja modernega časa, opisana je epidemiologija visokega krvnega tlaka, simptomi, oblike in diagnostika visokega krvnega tlaka, ter vloga in zdravstveno vzgojno delo medicinske sestre pri preprečevanju visokega krvnega tlaka in zdrav način življenja. Drugi, empirični del diplomskega dela predstavlja rezultate raziskave, ki je bila izvedena v občini Gornji Petrovci in sosednji občini Šalovci na Goričkem v Prekmurju. Raziskava je bila opravljena decembra 2010. V njej je sodelovalo 400 anketiranih iz omenjenih občin, in sicer 200 žensk in 200 moških. Rezultati so pokazali, da se večina udeležencev ankete zaveda pomembnosti zdravega načina življenja, vendar le – tega deloma upošteva.¬¬High blood pressure is more than a separate disease a risk factor that in combination with other factors influences the emergence and development of cardiac - vascular diseases and mortality. 90 per cent of arterial hypertension is classified as primary or essential. The reasons for it cannot be determined but that does not mean that there is no cause for high blood pressure. 10 per cent of arterial hypertension can be defined as the consequence of some other illness (for example kidney diseases). High blood pressure is the most common condition in developed communities. People are often unaware that they have high blood pressure since symptoms are not typical. Diploma work presents and describes high blood pressure and the risk factors connected. It contains two parts. The first, theoretical part presents high blood pressure as the risk factor of modern times. It describes epidemiology of high blood pressure, symptoms, types and diagnosis of high blood pressure and also the role and health educational work of the nurse in prevention of high blood pressure and healthy way of living. The second, empirical part presents the results of the research performed in municipalities Gornji Petrovci and Šalovci in Goričko, Prekmurje. The research was performed in December 2010. 400 inhabitants of those two municipalities took part, 200 male and 200 female. The results showed that the majority of survey participants are aware of the importance of healthy way of living but they consider it only partly.¬