Aorist and imperfect in Kopitar\u27s Glagolita Clozianus

Diplomsko delo predstavlja dva starocerkvenoslovanska glagolska časa, aorist in imperfekt. Analiza oblik in rabe aorista ter imperfekta je temeljila na Kopitarjevi izdaji Cločevega glagolita. To je kanonski glagolski spomenik stare cerkvene slovanščine, ki je nastal po bolgarski predlogi nekje na Hrvaškem najkasneje v 11. stoletju. Ohranjen je le manjši del kodeksa, a je njegova izdaja pomenila velik premik v raziskovanju tega jezika. Aorist in imperfekt sta obstajala že v indoevropščini in zato je v teoretičnem delu nakazan razvoj teh oblik preko stare grščine in latinščine. Njuna raba je v nekaterih slovanskih jezikih začela upadati že v času, ko je Cločev glagolit nastal, drugi jeziki, predvsem južnoslovanski, pa so ju ohranili do danes. Analiza je pokazala, da sta obe obliki v stari cerkveni slovanščini 11. stoletja še pogosti. V tako kratkem besedilu se pojavi kar 328 oblik aorista ali imperfekta. Za lažjo predstavo o tem, kako so se različne oblike aorista in imperfekta uporabljale, je dodan seznam nedoločnikov, ki so v besedilu Cločevega glagolita postavljeni vanju, vsaki različni obliki pa je dodan del sobesedila. Preteklost se je v stari cerkveni slovanščini lahko izražala še z oblikami perfekta, a je v ohranjenih besedilih na ta način izražena mnogo redkeje. Tako aorist kot imperfekt sta lahko bila uporabljena tudi kot stilno sredstvo. Zaradi značilnih končnic namreč ob kopičenju oblik (kar je pri pridigah pogosto) ustvarjata občutek ritma in rime. V besedilu so zapisane vse pričakovane oblike aoristov in imperfektov, saj je tvorba večinoma sledila paradigmam. V nekaj primerih je prišlo do nepričakovanih oblik, kar priča o jezikovnih spremembah in vplivu narečij živega jezika na staro cerkveno slovanščino.The thesis deals with two verb tenses of Old Church Slavonic – aorist and imperfect. The analysis of their forms and use is based on Kopitar\u27s edition of Glagolita Clozianus. Glagolita Clozianus is a canonical glagolitic manuscript of Old Church Slavonic which was made somewhere in Croatia from a Bulgarian original, no later than in the 11th century. Only a small part of the codex is preservedhowever, its publishing was significant for the research of this language. Aorist and imperfect were already present in the Indo-European language family, hence the theoretical part of the thesis deals with the development of these forms via Old Greek and Latin. Their use in some of the Slavic languages already started diminishing at the time when Glagolita Clozianus was writtenhowever, other languages, mostly South Slavic, have preserved it until this day. The analysis has shown that both forms in Old Church Slavonic of the 11th century are still frequent. There are, surprisingly, 328 forms of aorist or imperfect in such a short text. In order to clarify how different forms of aorist and imperfect were used, a list of infinitives which formed aorists and/or imperfects in Glagolita Clozianus is addedfor every different form a part of the context is added. In Old Church Slavonic, the past could also be expressed with the forms of perfect, but in the extant texts this mode of expression is rare. Aorist as well as imperfect could be used as a stylistic device. Because of their characteristic endings and the fact that more of such forms are accumulated within a short body of text (which is a frequent occurence in homilies), they create a sense of rhythm and rhyme. The text features all of the expected forms of aorists and imperfects, because the formation usually followed the paradigms. In some cases there were unexpected forms, providing us with evidence on the language changes and the influence of dialects of living languages upon Old Church Slavonic