USINGGEOTHERMAL ENERGY FOR HEATINGOF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS ANDGENERATION OF ELECTRICITYTO THE YEAR2050

Magistrsko delo obravnava dolgoročne koncepte uporabe geotermalne energije za namene ogrevanja stanovanjskih stavb in pridobivanje električne energije. Navedene so potrebe po koriščenju obnovljivih virov energije in vpliv na čistejše okolje. Opisana je sestava zemlje, njen temperaturni gradient in razložen nastanek geotermalnih virov. Podrobno so predstavljene možnosti proizvodnje toplotne energije iz geotermalnih virov v Sloveniji in v svetu ter podane primerjave emisij toplogrednih plinov glede na koriščenje fosilnih goriv oziroma toplotne črpalke. Natančno je opisan BTES sistem (akumulacija toplotne energije z uporabo vrtin) oziroma prenos toplote s toplotno črpalko v ogrevalni sistem s prednostmi in slabostmi. Za določitev toplotne prevodnosti je uporabljen test toplotnega odziva in izdelan računalniški program, ki omogoča izris diagramov odvzete toplote, kar je odvisno od posameznih geoloških lastnosti in parametrov produkcijske vrtine. V krajšem obsegu je predstavljeno delovanje toplotne črpalke in vertikalnega kolektorja z vsemi prednostmi in slabosti ter hladiva, ki se uporabljajo. Na koncu magistrskega dela je navedenih nekaj pogledov in razmišljanj o evropski viziji proizvodnje električne energije z izrabo geotermalnih virov do leta 2050opisani so tudi postopki pridobivanja električne energije iz geotermalnih virov ogrevanja.Master thesis deals with the concepts of long-term use of geothermal energy for heating of residential buildings and electricity generation. The needs for exploitation of renewable energy sources and the impact on cleaner environment are given in the thesis as well as the structure of the Earth, its temperature gradient and the formation of geothermal resources. Furthermore, the possibilities to generate heat from geothermal resources in Slovenia and abroad, the comparison of greenhouse gas emissions to the utilization of fossil fuels and heat pumps are presented in details. Additionally, the system BTES - (accumulation of heat by using wells) and heat transfer in heat pump heating system is accurately given with all the advantages and disadvantages. To determine the thermal conductivity a thermal response test was used as well as the computer program that allows plotting of graphs depending on the individual deprivation of heat and geological parameters of the production wells. The activity of a heat pump, vertical collector, with all the advantages and disadvantages, and the refrigerant are briefly presented in the thesis. Finally, the thesis includes some European visions of geothermal power generation by the use of geothermal resources up to the year 2050 and the description of the procedures to generate electricity from geothermal heating