Determination of genetic relationships among wild cherries (Prunus avium L.) based on molecular markers

Divje češnje so značilna drevesa slovenske pokrajine, ki tvorijo naravno populacijo. Zmožnost razlikovanja med posameznimi kultivarji češnje (Prunus avium L.), tako gojenimi kot divje raslimi, je pomembno iz znanstvenih kot tudi iz ekonomskih razlogov. V genetsko analizo smo vključili stara drevesa in mlade rastline v okolici teh dreves. Vzorčenje je potekalo na dveh različnih lokacijah blizu Maribora, SZ Slovenija. Namen naloge je bil ugotoviti, kakšna je genetska sorodnost znotraj vsake od dveh populacij divje češnje in sorodnost med predstavniki dveh populacij. Ugotavljali smo še genetsko uniformnost znotraj populacije, genetsko čistost populacije, število močno odstopajočih genotipov znotraj populacije, ki so bili preneseni iz neke druge populacije. Na treh mikrosatelitskih lokusih EMPA003, EMPA004, EMPA005 smo pri 39 preučevanih genotipih divje češnje skupaj namnožili 19 polimorfnih alelov, v povprečju 6,3 na lokus. Genetske razdalje med preučevanimi genotipi smo izračunali z Jaccardovim koeficientom in izdelali dendrogram.Wild cherry trees are typical trees in the Slovenian landscape and are frequently forming vigorous natural populations. The determination of genetic relationships among genotypes of cherry trees (Prunus avium L.), cultivated as well as wildly grown, is important for scientific and also economic reasons. In our genetic analysis, old trees and young plants were included. Sampling took place on two different locations near Maribor, NE Slovenia. The purpose of the investigation was to establish the genetic similarities and differences of plants belonging to the studied populations. We were also interested about the genetic uniformity within populations, genetically distant plants which probably originated in other populations. purity of the population, the number of strongly varied genotypes inside the population that were brough in from a different population. Three microsattelite locuses EMPA003, EMPA004, EMPA005 were taken into account, and 39 genotipes of the wild cherries were examined , and 19 polimorphic allels were exhibited, which is 6.3 in average per locus. Genetic distances between the studied genotypes were calculated using the Jaccard coefficient, and a dendrograph was produced