DEVELOPMENT THROUGH TIME OF FLIGHT TECHNIQUES

Ko se je pračlovek ozrl v nebo, je videl oblake in Sonce, ponoči pa Luno in zvezde. Želel je leteti kot ptica, pa ni imel kril. Želja po dvigu z zemeljskega površja se je stopnjevala, rodili so se miti o letenju božanstev, napredek znanja in tehnike pa je človeštvo polagoma bližal k uresničitvi želje. Misel, da bi si naredil ptičjim podobna krila in da bi z njimi tudi tako zamahoval, je dolgo ponujala varljiv model, kako leteti, ki je zgledno ohranjen v več kot tri tisočletja stari zgodbi o očetu in sinu, Dedalu in Ikaru. Ta dvojica vse do naših dni simbolizira željo po prestižnem (Ikar) oziroma varnem letenju (Dedal). V zgodovini letalstva sta prisotna oba zgleda, napredek pa je pogosto zahteval žrtve. (Sitar, 2009, str. 58) Človek si pred dobrimi stotimi leti zagotovo ni mislil, da bomo ljudje zagospodarili nebu, da bomo potovali iz enega konca sveta na drugega, da bomo potovali v vesolje, na Luno…da se bomo z zračnimi napadi množično pobijali med sabo…da bomo z eno (atomsko) bombo lahko kar »izbrisali« mesto s stotisoči prebivalci… da bomo… Danes si sveta brez letal sploh ne moremo predstavljati, saj je najhitrejši način potovanja, glede na število prepeljanih potnikov pa najbolj gospodaren in predvsem najbolj varen. Predstavlja pa tudi osnove transporta v gospodarstvu, v trgovini in seveda v turizmu. Namen diplomskega dela je v prvi vrsti podrobneje razložiti pojem letalstva in letalske tehnike, predstaviti razvoj svetovnega in slovenskega letalstva od začetkov do danes ter izdelati ustrezno delovno gradivo na temo letalstva za tehniški dan v osnovni šoli.When a prehistoric man looked into the sky, he saw clouds and the Sun at daylightthe Moon and stars at night. He wanted to fly like a bird but had no wings. The desire to raise from the earth\u27s surface was enhancing, and hence gave birth to numerous myths of flying deities. With developing knowledge and technology, the human race finally managed to achieve the long-desired wish. The idea of making birdlike wings for flapping was a false model for imitation of flying, which is exemplary preserved in more than three millennia old story about a father and son, Icarus and Daedalus. Up to present day, both of them symbolize the desire for prestigious (Icarus) and safe flying (Daedalus). In the history of aviation, both examples are present, but the progress often claimed many victims. (Sitar, 2009, p. 58) A hundred years ago, a man certainly did not think that people will subjugate the sky, and that we will travel from one end of the world to the other, into space and to the Moon. It was also inconceivable that massive air raids will be used for killing, that only one (atomic) bomb will be able to erase a city with hundreds of people. Today, the world without airplanes can hardly be imagined as it is the fastest way to travel. Regarding the number of passengers carried it is also the most economical and above all the safest. Besides that it represents the basic transport in the economy, trade, and of course tourism. The purpose of the diploma paper is primarily to explain in detail the concept of aviation and flight techniques, to present the development of global and Slovenian aviation from its beginnings to the present, and prepare appropriate handouts on the topic of aviation for the purpose of technical days at a primary school