HEATING WITH SOLAR ENERGY - SOLAR HEATER

V diplomski nalogi so predstavljene različne oblike energij, njihov izvor in uporaba v vsakdanjem življenju. Prikazana je delitev na obnovljive in neobnovljive vire energije, njihov nastanek, pridobivanje, pomen v energetiki, izkoriščanje in zgodovina uporabe. V Sloveniji poraba posameznih virov energije narašča, medtem ko poraba nekaterih virov energije upada. Za lažje razumevanje so prikazani grafi porabe posameznih virov v Republiki Sloveniji v letu 2010 in njihov vpliv na okolje. V ospredju diplomske naloge je obnovljivi vir energije – sončna energija. Predstavljen je njen nastanek, zgradba sonca, sončno sevanje ter prehod sevanja skozi ozračje. To energijo uvrščamo med obnovljive vire energije (čeprav v svojem bistvu to ni), kar pomeni, da bomo lahko energijo Sonca, ki prispe na Zemljo, izkoriščali še mnogo let. Prav tako pa je njeno izkoriščanje trenutno še brezplačno in ne onesnažuje okolja v tako veliki meri kot drugi viri energije. Načinov izkoriščanja sončne energije je več, v diplomski nalogi je predstavljena ena možnost, to je izdelava solarnega grelca, ki aktivno izkorišča sončno energijo, ki prispe na Zemljo. V dokaz je bil izveden preizkus, s katerim dokazujemo delovanje solarnega grelca. Takšen izdelek je enostaven do te mere, da ga lahko izdelamo z učenci tudi v osnovni šoli.This diploma discusses different forms of energy, their sources and everyday use including the categorization into renewable and non-renewable sources of energy, their origin, production, importance in the energy sector, utilisation and the history of use. In Slovenia, the use of some sources of energy is on the increase, while the use of others is on the decrease. For better understanding, there are charts of use of individual sources in the Republic of Slovenia in 2010. The main part of the diploma deals with the renewable source called solar energy. Its origin, the structure of the Sun, solar radiation and the passage through the atmosphere is presented. This energy is classified as a renewable source (even though it is not in its essence), which means that the energy of the Sun that reaches the Earth will be utilised for a number of years to come. The utilisation is at the moment still for free and does not pollute the environment as much as other sources of energy. There are several ways to utilise the solar energy. This diploma presents one of them, namely the solar heater, which actively utilises the solar energy that reaches the Earth. As a proof of this an experiment was conducted, with which the functioning of the solar heater is being proven. This product is so simple that the students of the elementary school can do it as well