METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND DETERMINATION OF THE PM10 FRACTION OF SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER

Zaradi vedno večjega tehnološkega in industrijskega razvoja, se znižuje kakovost zraka, saj predstavlja človekova aktivnost glavni doprinos škodljivih snovi v atmosfero. Vsebnost onesnaževal v ozračju povzroča negativne trajne vplive na okolje in zdravje ljudi. Atmosferski aerosoli so mešanica trdnih in tekočih delcev suspendiranih v zraku in se razlikujejo po obliki, velikosti in kemijski sestavi. Zaradi težnje po varstvu okolja in varovanju in izboljšanju kakovosti zraka, se izvajajo meritve obremenjenosti zraka s prašnimi delci, ki so lahko primarnega ali sekundarnega izvora. Sekundarni delci nastanejo pri kemijskih reakcijahza razliko od njih pa se primarni emitirajo neposredno iz izpustov. Namen diplomskega dela je bil razvoj metode in določevanje frakcije PM10 lebdečih trdnih delcev. Prah velikosti delca, manjšega od 10 mikrometrov, se obravnava kot fini delec ali delec PM10. Ugotavljali smo raven onesnaženosti zraka v industrijski coni Kidričevo ter opravili študijo morebitnih vplivov parametrov na izmerjeno vrednost. Za ugotavljanje ravni onesnaženosti zraka smo izmerjene vrednosti primerjali s predpisanimi vrednostmi v uredbah in zakonih. Meritve smo izvajali z merilno napravo Tecora ter opravili gravimetrijsko analizo filtrov po Standardu SIST EN 12341:2000, ki zahteva celodnevno sesanje prahu. Slednji temelji na tehtanju čistih filtrov ter ponovnem tehtanju po 48-urni kontaminaciji filtrov pri pogojih temperature 20 ± 1 °C ter relativne vlažnosti 50 ± 5 %. Izvedli smo študijo vplivov temperature in vlažnosti na dobljene rezultate in potrdili zastavljeno hipotezo o morebitnem razširjenem območju merjenja. Študijo smo izvedli z uporabo eksperimentalnega načrta, statističnih testov in z analizo varianc ter z grafičnim prikazom rezultatov. Za potrditev analiznega postopka smo izvedli validacijo metode ter ocenili merilno negotovost. Potrdili smo uporabnost metode z uporabljenim merilnikom s pomočjo vzporednih meritev, ki so jih izvedli na ZZV Maribor z merilno postajo Grimm.Owing to growing technological and industrial development the human activity represents the main contribution of pollutants in the atmosphere and of lowering air quality. The content of pollutants in the atmosphere is causing permanent negative impact on the environment and human health. Atmospheric aerosols are a mixture of solid and liquid particles, suspended in air, and vary in shape, size and chemical composition. Because of the tendency to protect the environment and to protect and improve air quality, measurements of air laden with dust particles, which may be primary or secondary origin, are carried out. The secondary particles result from chemical reactionswhile, the primary emit directly from the discharges. The aim of diploma thesis is the development of the analytical method and the determination of the fraction of the PM10 suspended particulate matter. Dust particle size of less than 10 µm, are considered as fine particles or PM10. We determined the level of air pollution in the industrial zone Kidričevo and performed study of the impact of possible parameters on the measured value. To determine the levels of air pollution, we compared the measured values with prescribed from legislation. Measurements were made with a measuring device Tecora and a gravimetric analysis of filters was made according to Standard SIST EN 12341:2000, that requires all day dust sucking. The latter is based on weighing of clean filters and re-weighing after 48 hour contamination of the filters in terms of temperature 20 ± 1 °C and relative humidity 50 ± 5 %. We performed the study of the impact of temperature and humidity on the obtained results and confirmed our hypothesis on possible measurement range extending. The study was acomplished using experimental design, graphic presentations of results, with statistical tests and analysis of variance. To confirm the analytical procedure, we performed the validation of the method and evaluated the measurement uncertainty. Apllicability of method and accuracy of results was confirmed by interlaboratory comparison with measurements obtained from the Public Health Institute, Maribor, where measurements were accomplished using the measuring station Grimm