MAINTENANCE OF TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION IN THE POWER INDUSTRY

V magistrskem delu je predstavljen celovit model razvoja postopkov upravljanja z dokumentacijo v elektroenergetskih podjetjih. Poudarek je na tehnični dokumentaciji. Osnovni namen je združiti vse ključne postopke in analize, ki so potrebne za vzpostavitev sistema za učinkovito upravljanje z dokumenti in informacijami. Tehnična dokumentacija je vezana na objekte in naprave z izrazito dolgo življenjsko dobo, kar je pomembno pri snovanju strategije dolgoročnega hranjenja dokumentov. V ta namen je del vsebine posvečen temi zagotavljanja pogojev, da bodo dokumenti v digitalni obliki, ki so tvorjeni s tehnologijami, ki so trenutno na voljo, uporabni, dostopni in avtentični tudi po preteku več deset let. Predstavljena je analiza obstoječe dokumentacije v enem izmed petih slovenskih podjetij za distribucijo električne energije. Na osnovi pridobljenih podatkov je izvedena tudi ocena stroškov pretvorbe obstoječe papirne dokumentacije v digitalno obliko. Za lažje razumevanje so predstavljeni formati digitalnih preslikav. Kot rezultat so digitalne slike, katerih prednost je enostaven in hiter dostop s pomočjo računalniških tehnologij. Predstavljen je tudi predlog enostavnega urejanja elektrotehniških načrtov v digitalni obliki, ki so del tehnične dokumentacije. Za lažje upravljanje z dokumenti v digitalni obliki so podrobneje predstavljeni delovni postopki upravljanja z dokumenti. Podani so predlogi razdelitve pristojnosti in nalog vpletenih oseb ter postopkov za vzpostavitev vseh procesov, ki so potrebni za učinkovito delo. Upravljanje velike količine dokumentov v digitalni obliki je mogoče le z dokumentnimi sistemi. Ti sistemi na kratko predstavljeni s poudarkom na njihovih lastnostih, na katere je smiselno biti pozoren pred njihovo uvedbo v podjetju. Takšen sistem se gradi dolgoročno in je pred njegovo uvedbo potrebno natančno definirati zahteve in izbrati takšnega, ki najbolj odgovarja specifiki in potrebam posameznih podjetij. Glede na to, da je delo osredotočeno na tehnično dokumentacijo v elektrogospodarstvu je bil v okviru raziskav razvit tudi dokumentni sistem z lastnostmi, ki pokrivajo potrebe teh podjetij. Poudarek je zlasti na dokumentaciji, ki se skozi njen življenjski cikel pogosto posodablja, kar je posebej značilno za elektrotehniške načrte. Predstavljen je tudi način samodejnega prenosa določenih podatkov iz dokumentacije neposredno v dokumentni sistem. Digitalni dokumenti bodo vsaj deloma nadomestili papir samo v primeru, ko bo zagotovljeno, da bodo berljivi na prostorsko in časovno neodvisen način. Berljivost starejših digitalnih dokumentov ohranjamo z ustrezno migracijo. V delu so predstavljeni rezultati testiranja migracije dokumentov, ki so bili tvorjeni s starejšimi različicami urejevalnika Word. Pri migraciji dokumentov tvorjenih z urejevalnikom Word 5.5 (različica za DOS) se je popolnoma ohranilo le povprečno 20 % obravnavanih lastnosti. Testiranje je pokazalo, da je za te dokumente najbolj primerna postopna migracija. Zelo uspešno je bilo mogoče migrirati dokumente, ki so bili tvorjeni z urejevalnikom Word 2.0 (različica za Windows), kjer se je popolnoma ohranilo povprečno 89 % obravnavanih lastnosti.In the following document is presented entire model for document management in power industry. The main attention is dedicated to technical documentation. The goal is to collect all key procedures and analyzes, which are necessary for establishing an effective document and information management system. Technical documentation in power industry is mostly connected to buildings and systems with long life time. This is important fact for the planning of long term document archiving strategy. Part of the work is dedicated to the topic about how to assure necessary conditions to obtain the most convenient solution. There is meant the fact that digital documents which are formed with now days technologies will have to be accessible, applicable and authentic after ten, fifty or more years. An analyze of existing documentation was carried out at one of Slovenian electricity distribution company. Based on the information obtained was carried out an cost evaluation for conversion of existing paper documents into digital form. For ease of comprehension are also presented formats of digital images. Their main advantage is easy and quick access with help of computer technologies. It is also presented a proposal for simple editing the electrical drawings which are part of documentation obtained by digital scanning. For easier understanding of document management are detailed presented working instructions and procedures which are part of it. There are proposals of procedures to establish all processes which are necessary for effective work. Also proposals for competences and duties of persons involved are defined. Managing the large quantities of documentation in digital form is possible only by using the Document Management Systems (DMS). These systems are shortly presented with emphasis on the properties which should be considered before selecting the appropriate one. This kind of system is long term and detailed analyzes of specific requirements are necessary in the early phase. Specifications will be different from one company to another. Since this work is oriented to technical documentation of power industry was developed a system with properties which are necessary for them. Specially most of attention is dedicated to documents which are changing during their lifetime. There are meant electro technical drawings. The process of automatic data exchange between digital documents and user interfaces is presented for easier data obtaining from drawings. Digital documents will, at least partially, replace paper documents only if they remain readable in the same way regardless of time and space. This means that the transformation of old documents is needed. Readability of older digital documents can be kept by proper migration. In this work are presented the results of old Word documents migration tests. On average, after migration of documents created in Word 5.5 (version for DOS) only 20 % of document properties were completely preserved. The test shows that gradual migration is most suitable for these documents. The migration of documents created in Word 2.0 (version for Windows) was very successful with on average 89 % of properties being completely preserved