PENAL PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS

Z diplomskim delom sem predstavil splošni pregled razvoja človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin z vidika kazenskega prava in sicer od začetka njihovega nastajanja v najbolj preprostih oblikah, najprej nezapisanih, kasneje vedno bolj vključenih v razne pravne akte, vse do sedanjega časa, v katerem so te pravico strokovno opredeljene, pravno priznane in varovane. Na ta način se nekako vidi pojmovanje vrednosti, poznavanja ter priznavanja človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin ter njihovo postopno vpeljevanje v pravno veljavne zapise ter moderne kodifikacije in pravne dokumente. Predstavil sem tudi podrobnejši pregled ureditve človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin v našem pravnem sistemu in sicer v Ustavi republike Slovenije in Kazenskem zakoniku Republike Slovenije v smislu podrobnejše opredelitve teh pravic v posameznem od teh pravnih aktov, na drugi strani pa tudi pregled, na katere načine in s kakšnimi varovali so posamezne pravice zaščitene v primeru njihovih kršitev. Vključil sem tudi teoretične opredelitve klasifikacij človekovih pravic v posamezne skupinske sklope. Namen celotnega diplomskega dela je predstaviti razvoj človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin skozi čas, njihova umestitev v moderne pravne akte s teoretičnimi opredelitvami teh pravic in njihovo umestitev ter varovanje v našem pravnem sistemu. Nenazadnje želim tudi prikazati, v okviru našega pravnega sistema, da človekove pravice in temeljne svoboščine vendarle niso absolutno nedotakljive, saj obstajajo določeni postopki in zakonske podlage, ki omogočajo omejitev teh pravic, s čimer se zagotavlja nemoteno in pravično delovanje sistema varovanja človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin.With dissertation I presented general overview of development of human rights and fundamental freedoms from criminal law point of view namely from the beginning of their forming in the most plain forms, unwritten at first, more and more included into various legislative acts afterwards, throughout to present where these rights are professionally determined, legally admitted and protected. In this way it is somehow seen conceptualization of value, knowledge and acknowledging of human rights and fundamental freedoms and their gradual introduction to legally valid records and modern codifications. I also presented more detailed overview of regulation of human rights and fundamental freedoms in our legal system, namely in Constitution of Republic of Slovenia and Criminal code of Republic of Slovenia, within the meaning of more detailed definition of these rights in each of these legal acts and on the other side overview into which manners and with what safety catches those rights are protected in case of their violation. I included theoretical definitions of classifications of human rights in individual group assemblies as well. Intention of dissertation is to present development of human rights and fundamental freedoms through time, their inclusion in modern legislative acts with theoretical definitions of these rights and their inclusion and protection in our legal system. Finally I would like to show, in the context of our legal system, that human rights and fundamental freedoms are still not absolutely untouchable, because there are certain procedures and legal bases for the restriction of these rights, ensuring undisturbed and equitable functioning of human rights and fundamental freedoms