MEASURING AND MANAGING OPERATIONAL RISK IN BANKS

Operativno tveganje je v zadnjih letih pridobilo na pomenu, z njegovo problematiko so se namreč začele ukvarjati vse banke in institucije s področja bančništva. V to jih je prisililo zavedanje o vedno večjih bančnih izgubah zaradi neobvladovanja operativnega tveganja. K zavedanju o problematiki je v veliki meri pripomogel novi kapitalski sporazum, imenovan Basel II, ki je obvezen za vse članice Evropske skupnosti. Basel II vključuje veliko novosti, predvsem na področju ocenjevanja in merjenja tveganj. Ena izmed največjih in najkoristnejših novosti je določitev minimalnih kapitalskih zahtev za operativno tveganje, z izpolnjevanjem katerih bi naj povečali stabilnost mednarodnega bančnega sistema. Za učinkovito celovito obvladovanje operativnega tveganja je potrebno izbrati pravilne pristope za merjenje in upravljanje operativnega tveganja. Izdelava okvirja upravljanja operativnega tveganja in njegova implementacija ter izbira pristopa za izračun minimalnih kapitalskih zahtev sta procesa, ki sta izredno pomembna in morata potekati v vsaki banki. Z implementacijo upravljanja operativnega tveganja v svoje procese, bodo banke vplivale na varnost in transparentnost celotnega poslovanja.Operational risk has gain in importance in recent years, with its problems begun to tackle all the banks and institutions of the banking sector. They were forced in this by the awareness of the growing bank losses because of lack of control over operational risk. To raise awareness of the problem has largely contributed The New Capital Accord, known as Basel II, which is obligatory for all members of the European Community. Basel II includes many new novelties, particularly in assessing and measuring risk. One of the biggest and most useful novelties is to set minimum capital requirements for operational risk. The fulfillment of these demands would increase the stability of the international banking system. For the effective and overall management of operational risk is necessary to choose the correct approach for measuring and managing operational risk. Making of operational risk management framework and its implementation, and also the choice of approaches for calculation minimum capital requirements are the processes, which are extremely important and they should be done in each bank. With the implementation of operational risk management into their processes, banks will affect on the safety and transparency of the entire business