PHONOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF THE BRESTANICA SPEECH

Diplomsko delo prinaša rezultate raziskave jezikovnih značilnosti govora Brestanice na glasoslovni in oblikoslovni ravni. Pri raziskovanju sem se v veliki meri opirala na vprašalnico za Slovenski lingvistični atlas (SLA) in na zvočni zapis prostega govora, ki sem ga posnela s pomočjo treh informatork, ter v delu oboje podala v fonetični obliki. Na osnovi zbranega gradiva in strokovne literature sem brestaniški govor umestila v narečni prostor in raziskovanje usmerila h glasoslovni ravnini govora, ki vključuje naglasne značilnosti, samoglasniški in soglasniški sistem ter izvor in razvoj posameznih glasov, in k oblikoslovni ravnini, ki podaja narečne značilnosti posameznih besednih vrst. Govor Brestanice sodi v sevniško-krški govor prehodnega posavskega narečja, le-to pa je po Tinetu Logarju in Jakobu Riglerju del štajerske narečne skupine. V glasoslovju je viden predvsem starejši dolenjski razvoj, mlajše štajerske značilnosti pa so v večji meri vplivale na oblikoslovno podobo govora. Pod vplivom štajerske narečne skupine je govor izgubil tudi prvotno tonemsko naglaševanje in kolikostno nasprotje, podaljšali so se celo vsi kratko naglašeni samoglasniki. Samoglasniški sistem je enoglasniško-dvoglasniški, značilen je močan samoglasniški upad ter pojav akanja, ukanja in celo ikanja. V soglasniškem sistemu so največ sprememb doživeli zvočniki, na oblikoslovni ravni pa oblikospreminjevalni vzorci v dajalniku, mestniku in orodniku moškega in ženskega spola. Srednji spol je prešel v moški spol. Zaradi (dnevnega) preseljevanja in vse večjega vpliva knjižnega jezika so pogoste nepredvidljive dvojnice, kar daje brestaniškemu govoru značaj mešanega govora.The diploma paper presents the results of the research of the Brestanica speech phonological and morphological traits. A lot of the research was based on the list of questions for the Slovenian Linguistic Atlas (Slovenski lingvistični atlas – SLA) and the audio record of free speech, both of which are presented in phonetic script. Based on the material gathered and specialized literature, the Brestanica speech was placed in its dialectal region, while the research was focused on the phonology of the speech, which includes the stress, the vowel and consonant systems, the origin and the development of certain sounds, and the morphology of the speech, with the dialectal specifics of individual parts of speech. The Brestanica speech belongs to the Sevnica-Krško speech of the Posavje dialect, which is according to Tine Logar and Jakob Rigler a part of the Štajerska dialectal group. The phonology of the speech shows the development towards the older Dolenjska dialect, while the morphology was influenced by the Štajerska dialect. Under the influence of the Štajerska dialectal group, the speech lost its original tonemic stress and the vowels underwent quantitative changes which affected the vowel length, even short vowels got longer. The vowel system is monophthongal-diphthongal, there is a tendency to reduce vowels, and the occurrence of the unstressed sounds /o/ passing into /a/, /o/ into /u/, and /e/ into /i/ is also present. The consonant system was exposed to numerous changes of the voiced consonants, while changes in the dative, locative and the instrumental cases of the masculine and feminine genders can be seen on the morphological level. The neuter gender was changed into masculine gender. Because of daily migration and the increasing influence of the literary language unpredictable word varieties are quite common, which gives the Brestanica speech features of a mixed speech