FAMILY AND SELF-ESTEEM IN ADOLESCENTS

Diplomska naloga obravnava družino in samovrednotenje mladostnikov. Kadar se posameznik vrednoti negativno, se zavrača in ima do sebe slabši odnos kot tisti, ki se ceni in vrednoti pozitivno. Pri samovrednotenju gre torej za vrednostno obarvana stališča, ki jih posameznik zavzame do sebe in svojih sposobnosti, vse to pa pomembno vpliva na kvaliteto njegovega življenja, še posebej pa na njegovo zdravje, notranje zadovoljstvo, opravljanje nalog, postavljanje in doseganje ciljev ter kvaliteto odnosov z drugimi. Življenje znotraj družine je eden izmed prvih in najosnovnejših krajev razvoja samovrednotenja, tu se namreč zarišejo njegove najbolj osnovne in trajne smernice, s katerimi potem človek vstopi v odnos s širšo skupnostjo in družbo. Tudi mladostniki so vključeni v sistem družine in njihovo samovrednotenje lahko razumemo le, če jih dojemamo kot del tega sistema, saj je odvisno od tega, kako starši izpolnjujejo družinske naloge, še posebej od odnosov, načina vzgoje, pravil in komunikacije znotraj njihove družine. Teoretičnemu delu diplome sledi empirični del. Podatke smo zbirali na vzorcu 120 mladostnikov. Preverili smo, ali obstajajo razlike v višini splošnega samovrednotenja pri mladostnikih in v njihovih osebnih izkušnjah z odnosi in razmerami doma glede na nekatere neodvisne spremenljivke. Prav tako smo želeli raziskati, ali ima družina res tako velik vpliv na samovrednotenje mladih, kot ji ga pogosto pripisujemo. Ugotovili smo, da če so odzivi staršev pretežno pozitivni, potem se mladi pozitivno vrednotijo, ob nenehnih negativnih odzivih in izkušnjah v družini pa se vrednotijo negativno oziroma težje razvijejo pozitivno samooceno. Starši so torej izjemni kreatorji mladih osebnosti, zato je pomembno, da vedo, kako jim naj v času, ki ga imajo na voljo, najbolje pomagajo razviti in okrepiti občutek lastne vrednosti, kar bo pomembno pripomoglo k njihovi boljši kvaliteti življenja.My diploma deals with the family and the self-esteem in the adolescents. When an individual has negative self-esteem, he rejects and underestimatesh himself and also has a worse relation to himself than an individual, who has a positive self-esteem and thinks highly of himself. Self-esteem refers to attitudes, which are founded on values of an individual. All this has an important influence on the quality of his life, especially his health, inner satisfaction attending duties, setting himself goals and achieving them, and the quality of relations with others. Life within a family is one of the first and most basic places where the self-esteem begins to develop. Its most basic and permanent guidelines are formed namely here. Adolescents are also engaged in a system of a family and their self-esteem can be only understood only, if they are realized as a part of this system. Self-esteem in adolescence depends on, how parents performe the family duties, in particular on relations, the way of upbringing, rules and communication within their families. In the diploma work the theoretical part is followed by the empirical part, where we used questionaries. The reasearch was done on group of 120 adolescents. We have checked how high is the self-esteem in adolescents and their experiences with relations and circumstances, that prevail in their families, according to several independent variables We also wanted to explore, if there really is such a strong influence of the family shaping an adolescents\u27 self-esteem as we often think. We have found out, if parents\u27 responses are mostly positive, the adolescents have positive self-esteem, but if the adolescents have negative experiences and get back (only) negative responses, they will have negative self-esteem or probably create a positive self-esteem with more difficulty. Parents are special creators of young personalities, that is why it is important, that they know, how to help their own kids during the time, it is left. Parents must understand their adolescents and help them to develop and to reinforce their feeling of self-worth, which will contribute to their better quality of life